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Plant
habit
trees
shrubs
vines / lianas
herbaceous
grass-like
ferns & allies
aquatic & OBL wetland species
special groups
arums
composites
legumes
milkweeds
mints
orchids
spurges
dicots
monocots
longevity
annual or biennial
perennial
armature
unarmed
armed
leaves/twigs aromatic when crushed
without marked odor
clearly odiferous
Leaves
arrangement/phyllotaxy
basal
alternate
opposite
whorled
fascicled/clustered along stem
blade division
all simple
deeply lobed or divided
some or all fully compound
Inflorescence
flowering season - upper Midwest
spring
summer
fall
Flower
principal flower color
white or cream
purple
blue
green
yellow
orange
red
pink
brown
inconspicuous
ovaries/pistils per flower
1
2-5
more than 5
Fruit or Cone
fruit consistency at maturity
dry/leathery
fleshy
Blue Ridge Center for Environmental Stewardship
Elizabeth McMurchie and Andrea Weeks
Species Count: 434
Acoraceae
Acorus calamus
Alismataceae
Alisma subcordatum
Amaryllidaceae
Allium vineale
Narcissus poeticus
Narcissus pseudonarcissus
Anacardiaceae
Rhus typhina
Annonaceae
Asimina triloba
Apiaceae
Conium maculatum
Cryptotaenia canadensis
Daucus carota
Osmorhiza claytonii
Osmorhiza longistylis
Sanicula canadensis
Sanicula odorata
Torilis japonica
Zizia aurea
Apocynaceae
Apocynum cannabinum
Asclepias syriaca
Asclepias viridiflora
Cynanchum laeve
Vinca minor
Araceae
Spirodela punctata
Symplocarpus foetidus
Wolffia brasiliensis
Araliaceae
Hedera hibernica
Aristolochiaceae
Asarum canadense
Asparagaceae
Muscari botryoides
Ornithogalum umbellatum
Scilla siberica
Asphodelaceae
Hemerocallis fulva
Aspleniaceae
Asplenium platyneuron
Asteraceae
Achillea millefolium
Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Ambrosia trifida
Antennaria plantaginifolia
Anthemis arvensis
Arctium minus
Artemisia vulgaris
Bidens aristosa
Bidens cernua
Bidens tripartita
Chondrilla juncea
Cichorium intybus
Cirsium arvense
Cirsium discolor
Conoclinium coelestinum
Coreopsis lanceolata
Echinacea purpurea
Elephantopus carolinianus
Erechtites hieraciifolius
Erigeron annuus
Eupatorium perfoliatum
Eurybia divaricata
Euthamia graminifolia
Eutrochium fistulosum
Helianthus giganteus
Helianthus maximiliani
Hieracium caespitosum
Hieracium scabrum
Hieracium venosum
Lactuca canadensis
Lactuca floridana
Lactuca saligna
Leucanthemum vulgare
Matricaria discoidea
Packera aurea
Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium
Ratibida pinnata
Rudbeckia hirta
Solidago gigantea
Solidago juncea
Solidago rugosa
Solidago ulmifolia
Sonchus asper
Symphyotrichum lateriflorum
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae
Symphyotrichum pilosum
Symphyotrichum undulatum
Taraxacum officinale
Tragopogon dubius
Tussilago farfara
Verbesina alternifolia
Vernonia noveboracensis
Athyriaceae
Athyrium asplenioides
Balsaminaceae
Impatiens capensis
Berberidaceae
Berberis thunbergii
Podophyllum peltatum
Betulaceae
Alnus serrulata
Carpinus caroliniana
Corylus americana
Bignoniaceae
Campsis radicans
Catalpa bignonioides
Boraginaceae
Hackelia virginiana
Hydrophyllum virginianum
Mertensia virginica
Myosotis arvensis
Brassicaceae
Alliaria petiolata
Arabidopsis thaliana
Barbarea vulgaris
Borodinia laevigata
Cardamine angustata
Cardamine concatenata
Cardamine hirsuta
Cardamine pensylvanica
Lepidium campestre
Lepidium virginicum
Microthlaspi perfoliatum
Sisymbrium officinale
Thlaspi arvense
Cabombaceae
Brasenia schreberi
Campanulaceae
Lobelia cardinalis
Lobelia inflata
Palustricodon aparinoides
Triodanis perfoliata
Cannabaceae
Celtis occidentalis
Caprifoliaceae
Dipsacus fullonum
Dipsacus laciniatus
Lonicera japonica
Lonicera maackii
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus
Valerianella locusta
Valerianella radiata
Caryophyllaceae
Cerastium glomeratum
Paronychia canadensis
Silene latifolia
Silene vulgaris
Stellaria graminea
Stellaria longifolia
Stellaria media
Stellaria pubera
Celastraceae
Celastrus orbiculatus
Euonymus alatus
Colchicaceae
Uvularia sessilifolia
Commelinaceae
Commelina communis
Convolvulaceae
Calystegia sepium
Cuscuta gronovii
Ipomoea hederacea
Ipomoea pandurata
Cornaceae
Cornus amomum
Cornus florida
Cyperaceae
Carex albicans
Carex blanda
Carex crinita
Carex digitalis
Carex granularis
Carex gravida
Carex kraliana
Carex laxiflora
Carex lurida
Carex molestiformis
Carex prasina
Carex radiata
Carex rosea
Carex squarrosa
Carex torta
Carex virescens
Carex vulpinoidea
Cyperus echinatus
Cyperus strigosus
Eleocharis obtusa
Eleocharis quadrangulata
Scirpus cyperinus
Scirpus georgianus
Scirpus pendulus
Dennstaedtiaceae
Dennstaedtia punctilobula
Pteridium aquilinum
Dioscoreaceae
Dioscorea villosa
Dryopteridaceae
Dryopteris carthusiana
Dryopteris marginalis
Polystichum acrostichoides
Ebenaceae
Diospyros virginiana
Elaeagnaceae
Elaeagnus umbellata
Equisetaceae
Equisetum arvense
Ericaceae
Chimaphila maculata
Gaylussacia baccata
Kalmia latifolia
Monotropa uniflora
Rhododendron periclymenoides
Vaccinium pallidum
Vaccinium stamineum
Euphorbiaceae
Acalypha gracilens
Acalypha rhomboidea
Croton capitatus
Euphorbia corollata
Euphorbia maculata
Euphorbia nutans
Fabaceae
Amphicarpaea bracteata
Desmodium nuttallii
Desmodium perplexum
Gleditsia triacanthos
Hylodesmum nudiflorum
Kummerowia stipulacea
Kummerowia striata
Lespedeza cuneata
Lespedeza violacea
Lotus corniculatus
Medicago lupulina
Melilotus albus
Melilotus officinalis
Robinia pseudoacacia
Securigera varia
Senna hebecarpa
Trifolium arvense
Trifolium campestre
Trifolium hybridum
Trifolium pratense
Trifolium repens
Vicia cracca
Vicia villosa
Fagaceae
Castanea dentata
Fagus grandifolia
Quercus alba
Quercus coccinea
Quercus montana
Quercus palustris
Quercus rubra
Quercus velutina
Gentianaceae
Obolaria virginica
Geraniaceae
Geranium columbinum
Geranium dissectum
Geranium maculatum
Hydrangeaceae
Hydrangea arborescens
Philadelphus inodorus
Hypericaceae
Hypericum perforatum
Hypericum punctatum
Iridaceae
Sisyrinchium angustifolium
Juglandaceae
Carya cordiformis
Carya glabra
Carya tomentosa
Juglans nigra
Juncaceae
Juncus effusus
Juncus tenuis
Luzula echinata
Lamiaceae
Clinopodium vulgare
Collinsonia canadensis
Cunila origanoides
Glechoma hederacea
Lamium amplexicaule
Lamium purpureum
Leonurus cardiaca
Lycopus virginicus
Mentha canadensis
Nepeta cataria
Perilla frutescens
Prunella vulgaris
Pycnanthemum muticum
Pycnanthemum tenuifolium
Pycnanthemum torreyi
Scutellaria lateriflora
Scutellaria serrata
Teucrium canadense
Lauraceae
Lindera benzoin
Sassafras albidum
Liliaceae
Medeola virginiana
Lycopodiaceae
Diphasiastrum digitatum
Huperzia lucidula
Lythraceae
Cuphea viscosissima
Magnoliaceae
Liriodendron tulipifera
Malvaceae
Abutilon theophrasti
Hibiscus trionum
Malva neglecta
Sida spinosa
Menispermaceae
Menispermum canadense
Molluginaceae
Mollugo verticillata
Montiaceae
Claytonia virginica
Moraceae
Morus alba
Nyssaceae
Nyssa sylvatica
Oleaceae
Forsythia suspensa
Fraxinus americana
Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Onagraceae
Circaea canadensis
Ludwigia alternifolia
Ludwigia palustris
Oenothera biennis
Ophioglossaceae
Botrypus virginianus
Sceptridium biternatum
Orchidaceae
Aplectrum hyemale
Galearis spectabilis
Goodyera pubescens
Platanthera peramoena
Tipularia discolor
Orobanchaceae
Conopholis americana
Epifagus virginiana
Orobanche uniflora
Osmundaceae
Osmundastrum cinnamomeum
Oxalidaceae
Oxalis dillenii
Oxalis stricta
Oxalis violacea
Papaveraceae
Corydalis flavula
Dicentra cucullaria
Papaver dubium
Paulowniaceae
Paulownia tomentosa
Penthoraceae
Penthorum sedoides
Pinaceae
Pinus strobus
Pinus virginiana
Plantaginaceae
Chelone glabra
Gratiola neglecta
Linaria vulgaris
Penstemon digitalis
Plantago aristata
Plantago lanceolata
Plantago rugelii
Veronica arvensis
Veronica hederifolia
Veronica officinalis
Veronica persica
Platanaceae
Platanus occidentalis
Poaceae
Agrostis perennans
Andropogon gerardi
Anthoxanthum odoratum
Brachyelytrum erectum
Bromus inermis
Bromus sterilis
Bromus tectorum
Cinna arundinacea
Dactylis glomerata
Danthonia spicata
Dichanthelium boscii
Dichanthelium clandestinum
Digitaria ciliaris
Eleusine indica
Elymus glabriflorus
Elymus hystrix
Elymus macgregorii
Elymus repens
Elymus villosus
Elymus virginicus
Eragrostis spectabilis
Festuca subverticillata
Glyceria striata
Holcus lanatus
Leersia oryzoides
Leersia virginica
Lolium perenne
Microstegium vimineum
Miscanthus sinensis
Muhlenbergia schreberi
Phalaris arundinacea
Phleum pratense
Poa annua
Poa cuspidata
Poa trivialis
Schedonorus arundinaceus
Setaria italica
Sorghastrum nutans
Sorghum halepense
Sporobolus vaginiflorus
Tridens flavus
Polemoniaceae
Phlox paniculata
Polygonaceae
Fallopia convolvulus
Persicaria arifolia
Persicaria hydropiper
Persicaria hydropiperoides
Persicaria longiseta
Persicaria perfoliata
Persicaria sagittata
Persicaria virginiana
Polygonum aviculare
Rumex obtusifolius
Polypodiaceae
Polypodium virginianum
Primulaceae
Lysimachia ciliata
Ranunculaceae
Anemone americana
Clematis virginiana
Ranunculus abortivus
Ranunculus bulbosus
Ranunculus hispidus
Thalictrum pubescens
Thalictrum thalictroides
Rosaceae
Agrimonia parviflora
Agrimonia pubescens
Amelanchier arborea
Fragaria virginiana
Geum canadense
Geum vernum
Malus coronaria
Malus pumila
Potentilla indica
Potentilla norvegica
Potentilla recta
Potentilla simplex
Prunus avium
Prunus persica
Pyrus calleryana
Pyrus communis
Rhodotypos scandens
Rosa multiflora
Rubus flagellaris
Rubus occidentalis
Rubus pensilvanicus
Rubus phoenicolasius
Rubiaceae
Cruciata pedemontana
Galium anglicum
Galium aparine
Galium circaezans
Galium lanceolatum
Galium obtusum
Galium triflorum
Houstonia caerulea
Houstonia longifolia
Salicaceae
Salix nigra
Salix sericea
Sapindaceae
Acer platanoides
Acer rubrum
Acer saccharinum
Acer saccharum
Saxifragaceae
Chrysosplenium americanum
Heuchera americana
Micranthes virginiensis
Scrophulariaceae
Verbascum blattaria
Verbascum thapsus
Simaroubaceae
Ailanthus altissima
Smilacaceae
Smilax rotundifolia
Smilax tamnoides
Solanaceae
Physalis heterophylla
Solanum ptychanthum
Thelypteridaceae
Thelypteris noveboracensis
Typhaceae
Typha latifolia
Ulmaceae
Ulmus americana
Ulmus parvifolia
Ulmus rubra
Urticaceae
Boehmeria cylindrica
Laportea canadensis
Pilea pumila
Verbenaceae
Verbena brasiliensis
Verbena urticifolia
Viburnaceae
Sambucus canadensis
Viburnum acerifolium
Viburnum prunifolium
Violaceae
Viola bicolor
Viola pensylvanica
Viola sororia
Vitaceae
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Vitis labrusca
Vitis vulpina