Stems 2-6(-8) dm, with ascending branches; lvs narrowly linear, very scabrous above, commonly with small axillary fascicles; pedicels suberect, 5-11 mm (to 18 mm in fr); cal-tube 3-5 mm, the lobes triangular-acute, 1.5-3 mm, the sinuses mostly V- shaped or narrowly U-shaped, densely puberulent within and along the margin; cor 1.8-2.5 cm, purple, the upper lobes only slightly spreading; pollen-sacs 1.8-3 mm; fr ellipsoid-cylindric, 7-11 mm; seeds dark. Dry prairies; Wis. and Ill. to Man., Neb., and Okla. (Gerardia a.)

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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