Flowers: sepal cusps 0.05-0.15 mm; styles straight, 0.1-0.25(-0.3) mm.

Flowering spring-fall. Wood-lands, fields, clearings, rocky areas, roadsides, waste places; 0-1200 m; Ont.,Que.; Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va., Wis.

From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Infrequent northward and probably entirely absent from the northern tier of counties. It is found in dry places in sandy or gravelly soil, usually where the soil is exposed. Fernald has separated [P. fastigiata var. paleacea] from the typical one because of the relative length of the bracts of the flowers. When I interpret this character as applied to my specimens I find intermediates between the two extremes. Neither this character nor others will satisfactorily separate the forms. Usually the typical form when mature is reddish in color and the flowers are much crowded on the ultimate branchlets while plants of the variety [fastigiata] are generally greenish, usually with an erect inflorescence and the flowers are not crowded on the ultimate branchlets. It is to be noted that the variety flowers a month or more earlier than the typical form.

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Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 6

Wetland Indicator Status: N/A