Stems usually weak. Inflorescences : racemes of chasmogamous flowers often greatly exceeding leaves, elongate; petal spur blunt, not globose at apex. Capsules slender, commonly 15-20 mm.

Flowering very early-late spring. Abandoned fields and waste areas, roadsides, and open woods, in disturbed, often sandy soil; 10-650 m; Ala., Ark., Fla., Ga., Ill., Kans., La., Miss., Mo., N.C., Okla., S.C., Tex.