Sagittaria platyphylla

Herbs, perennial, to 150 cm; rhizomes absent; stolons present; corms present. Leaves submersed and emersed; submersed sessile, phyllodial, flattened, to 26 ´ 0.5 cm; emersed with petiole ± triangular, 21--70.5 cm, blade linear-ovate to ovate, 4.6--16.4 ´ 0.7--6.1 cm. Inflorescences racemes, of 3--9 whorls, emersed, 2.5--10 ´ 2--4.5 cm; peduncles 22--60 cm; bracts connate more than ¼ total length, lanceolate, 3--5.5 mm, delicate, not papillose; fruiting pedicels spreading to recurved, cylindric, 0.5--3 cm. Flowers to 1.8 cm diam.; sepals spreading to recurved, not enclosing flower or fruiting head; filaments dilated, longer than anthers, pubescent; pistillate pedicellate, without ring of sterile stamens. Fruiting heads 0.7--1.2 cm diam.; achenes oblanceoloid, not abaxially keeled, 1.2--2 ´ 0.8--1.2 mm, beaked; faces tuberculate, wings absent, glands absent; beak lateral, horizontal to erect, 0.3--0.6 mm. 2n = 22.

Flowering summer--fall. Streams and lakes; 0--900 m; Ala., Ark., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ky., La., Miss., Mo., Ohio, Okla., Pa., Tenn., Tex., W.Va.; Mexico (Nuevo León, sw Mexico); Central America (Panama).

Sagittaria platyphylla has been accepted at the variety level, i.e., Sagittaria graminea var. platyphylla (C. Bogin 1955; J. W. Wooten 1973; E. O. Beal et al. 1982). After studying dozens of populations in the field from much of its range and hundreds of herbarium specimens, we have concluded that this taxon should be recognized at the specific level instead, a conclusion supported by cladistic analyses of morphologic characters (R. M. Kortright 1998)