Shrub 1-2 m; bark of young twigs brown, exfoliating and turning gray the second year; lvs lance-ovate to broadly ovate, 3-6 cm, acuminate, finely and sharply denticulate, obtuse or rounded at the base, puberulent or glabrescent above, softly pubescent beneath; pedicels, hypanthium, and outer side of sep pubescent; fls 2 cm wide, solitary or in cymules of 3; styles fully united, even the extrorse, linear stigmas connate; seeds tail-less; 2n=26. Cliffs, river- bluffs, and rocky banks; Ky. to N.C., Ga., and Ala. May, June.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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