Perennial to 1 m from a stoloniferous base, commonly much branched above, glabrous or ±pubescent; lvs lanceolate to linear, the larger commonly 5-10 cm, tapering to the base, those subtending the fls much smaller, fls tetramerous, subsessile, separated by distinct internodes; pet none; fr subglobose, finely pubescent, 2.5-4 mm, not angled; bracteoles attached at the base of or below the fr, very rarely half as long as the fr, often minute or obsolete; 2n=32. Swamps and wet soil; Mass. to Fla. and Tex.; also in Ind. and Mich. July-Sept. Variable, and often divided into several vars.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.

From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Mucky or muddy borders of marshes, streams, and interdunal flats. Rare. Plants growing in water often develop corky bases.

.……

Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 10

Wetland Indicator Status: OBL