Plants 30-200 cm. Leaves opposite; petioles 0-10 mm; blades 1- or 3-nerved from bases, lanceolate to lance-linear, 5-90 × 2-15 mm, margins entire or coarsely dentate. Heads in paniculiform or corymbiform arrays. Peduncles 5-25 mm. Involucres 8-15 mm. Phyllaries green to stramineous, sometimes purple-tinged (lengths of outer to ¹/2 inner, apices acute to acuminate, not contorted). Florets 15-35; corollas pale yellow to pinkish lavender, 4.7-8 mm. Cypselae 2.7-5 mm. 2n = 18.

Flowering May-Oct. Open areas, wide range of soils; 200-2300 m; Ark., Colo., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nebr., N.Mex., N.Dak., S.Dak., Tex., Wis.

From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Usually found in sandy to very sandy soil in dry prairie habitats and infrequently on high, gravelly banks of streams.

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Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 8

Wetland Indicator Status: n/a