Plants 30-150 cm. Leaves opposite; petioles 1-10 mm; blades 1- or 3-nerved from bases, broadly rhombic-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 25-100 × 5-40 mm, margins entire or ± dentate. Heads in corymbiform arrays. Peduncles 5-20 mm. Involucres 7-11 mm. Phyllaries green to stramineous, sometimes purple-tinged (lengths of outer to ¹/2 inner, apices acute to acuminate, not contorted). Florets 6-15; corollas pale yellow to maroon, 4.5-6 mm. Cypselae 4-5.5 mm. 2n = 18.

Flowering May-Oct. Open areas, wide range of soils; 200-2300 m; Ala., Ark., Fla., Ga., Ind., Ky., La., Md., Miss., N.J., N.C., Ohio, Pa., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va.

From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Locally infrequent to common in very sandy soil on open, wooded dunes and along roadsides in the extreme northern part of the state and in a few counties to the south of this area. In the southern part, and in a few of the central counties, it is found on high, wooded river bluffs, and on the crests and slopes of open, wooded ridges.

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Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 8

Wetland Indicator Status: n/a