Plants (3-)4-12(-15) dm, sparsely to densely pilose basally, glabrous distally, trichomes simple and short-stalked, forked. Basal leaves: blades spatulate, oblanceolate, or oblong, (4-)5-12(-15) cm × 10-30 mm, apex obtuse, surfaces usually pubescent, rarely glabrous. Cauline leaves: blade lanceolate, oblong-elliptic, or ovate, 2-9(-12) cm × (5-)10-25(-40) mm, apex acute. Fruiting pedicels appressed to rachis, (6-)7-16(-20) mm, glabrous. Flowers: sepals (2.5-)3-5 × 0.5-1.2 mm, glabrous; petals 5-8.5 × 1.3-1.7 mm; filaments slender, median pairs 3.5-6.5 mm, lateral pair 2.5-4.5 mm; anthers 0.7-1.5 mm. Fruits (3-)4-10(-12.5) cm × 0.7-1.5 mm; style 0.5-0.8(-1) mm. Seeds 0.6-1.2 × 0.5-0.9 mm. 2n = 12, 16, 32.

Flowering Apr-Jul. Forest margins, fields, roadsides, stream banks, disturbed sites, mountain slopes, woods, meadows; 0-2800 m; Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., N.W.T., Ont., Que., Sask., Yukon; Alaska, Ariz., Calif., Colo., Conn., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.H., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Oreg., Pa., S.Dak., Tenn., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo.; Europe; sw Asia; n Africa; introduced in Australia.

Biennial or short-lived perennial 3-15 dm; stem commonly hirsute below with mostly simple (sometimes bifurcate) hairs, glabrous and glaucous above; lower lvs commonly with Y-shaped hairs; cauline lvs overlapping below, more remote above, all lanceolate or lance-oblong, auriculate-clasping, usually glabrous and glaucous; pet 3-6 mm; style 1-1.5 mm; mature pedicels erect, 7-16 mm; frs erect, subterete, 5-9 cm נ0.8-1.3 mm, the valves with prominent midnerve reaching nearly or quite to the tip; seeds in 2 rows in each locule, angular, very narrowly winged; 2n=12. Usually in dry soil; circumboreal, in Amer. s. to N.C., Ark., Kans., N.M., and Calif. May, June.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.

From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Infrequent to rare in the lake region of the state and extremely rare, absent, or introduced in the southern part. My Floyd County specimen was found in a hayfield along Indian Creek near Galena. Several specimens were noted.

……

Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 3

Wetland Indicator Status: N/A