Stems slender, declined or decumbent, 2-5 dm, commonly glabrous, sometimes obscurely pubescent with curved-ascending hairs; lvs ovate or deltoid-ovate, 2-4 cm, with a few (less than 10) rounded teeth on each side, broadly rounded to cordate at base, long-petioled; bracts gradually reduced, all or all but the lowest entire; pedicels and cal densely soft-hairy; cor 13-20 mm. Woods, hillsides and moist cliffs, chiefly in the mts.; Del to O. and s. Ind., s. to S.C. and Tenn. July, Aug.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

A rare plant throughout its general range. I have found it only twice. Once I found it in the detritus of a sandstone cliff along Little Blue River at the site of the old Carnes Mill, about 2 miles southeast of Grantsburg, in Crawford County. There are two vigorous colonies here, growing in the shade of the cliff and surrounding trees. I found it again in the detritus at the base of a cliff of the Ohio River, about 2 miles south of Fredonia, in Crawford County. This station is just south of a picnic ground 2 miles south of Fredonia. Here is a small colony, growing in the dense shade of the cliff and woods.

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Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 10

Wetland Indicator Status: N/A