Stout perennial to 1 m from a short, stout rhizome; cauline lvs elliptic to narrowly lance-oblong, 5-10 נ1-3 cm, obtuse, entire, often sparsely villous beneath; lvs subtending the umbel shorter and broader, commonly ovate, those of the umbel depressed-ovate to reniform; rays of the primary umbel 5-8, rarely fewer; involucres 3 mm, glabrous, often purplish above; fr 6-8 mm, rough, with small irregular projections; seeds plump, subglobose, 3-4 mm, smooth, mottled brown. Dry or moist woods, rare; N.J. and Pa. to W.Va. and N.C. May, June. (E. darlingtonii; Tithymalus d.; Galarhoeus d.)

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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