Cauline leaves 2--3, not or only barely overlapping; proximal inflorescence bract equal to barely exceeding inflorescence. Tepals: outer and inner whorl straw-colored to brown, 2.8-3.6 mm, apex pointed. Capsules pale to brown, shorter than tepals. Seeds 1.1--1.5 mm; caruncle 0.3--0.6 mm. 2n = 24.

Flowering and fruiting spring--summer. Sparsely scattered in fields, meadows, open woods, ditches and clearings; 50--800 m; introduced; St. Pierre and Miquelon; Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask.; Conn., Del., D.C., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.Dak., Tenn., Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo.; Eurasia.

From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Confined to the lake area where it is very common in dry open oak woods, especially on hills or slopes, and occasionally in grassy clearings. It is frequently associated with Carex pennsylvanica and C. communis.

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Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 6

Wetland Indicator Status: FACU