EcoFlora - Enemion biternatum

Enemion biternatum Raf.
Family: Ranunculaceae Eastern False Rue-Anemone [Isopyrum biternatum (Raf.) Torr. & A. Gray] Paul Rothrock	FNA Gleason & Cronquist Indiana Flora Resources Bruce A. Ford in Flora of North America (vol. 3) Stems 10-40 cm, weakly rhizomatous; roots fibrous. Leaves: leaflets irregularly 2-3-lobed, lobes sometimes with 1-3 secondary lobes, apex rounded, glandular-apiculate; surfaces abaxially glabrous. Inflorescences axillary, flowers solitary or loosely grouped in 2-4-flowered leafy racemes; peduncle not strongly clavate. Flowers: sepals 5.5-13.5 × 3.5-8.5 mm; stamens 25-50; filaments filiform to club-shaped, 1.8-5.8 mm. Follicles sessile, upright to widely divergent; body widely elliptic to widely obovate, 3.5-6.5 mm, gradually contracted into style beak; beak 1.7-3 mm. Seeds 2.1-2.7 mm, minutely pubescent. 2 n = 14. Flowering spring. Moist deciduous woods of valleys, flood plains, and ravine bottoms, occasionally in open pastures, often on limey soils; 25-1000 m; Ont.; Ala., Ark., Fla., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Va., W.Va., Wis. Enemion biternatum has been mistaken for the superficially similar Thalictrum thalictroides because of its white flowers and compound Thalictrum -like leaves. Enemion biternatum is easily distinguished, however, by its few-seeded follicles and deeply lobed leaves with glandular-apiculate apices. Thalictrum thalictroides , on the other hand, is characterized by having achenes and somewhat crenate leaves with notched apices. Vascular plants of NE US and adjacent Canada Roots with many small, tuber-like thickenings; stems slender, 1-4 dm; basal lvs long-petioled, 2-3-ternate; cauline lvs smaller, less petiolate and less dissected; lfls broadly obovate, 3-lobed; fls white, 1.5-2 cm wide; follicles mostly 4, semi-ovoid, compressed, divergent; 2n=14. Moist woods; w. N.Y. and s. Ont. to Minn., s. to the piedmont of Va. and the Carolinas, and to w. Fla. and Ark. Apr., May. (Enemion b.) Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp. ©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission. From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam Infrequent to common in moist, rich woods throughout the state. Probably absent from a few of the northwestern counties. It prefers the beech and sugar maple type of woods. ...... Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 5 Wetland Indicator Status: FAC
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