From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

[In this genus Deam recognizes two species, each with a variety. His T. canadense refers to plants with short, glandless, mostly recurved hairs on the upper stem and inflorescence. Teucrium occidentale, by contrast, has dense long spreading hairs. Within his T. canadense var. virginicum is said to have shorter bracts and more rounded leaf bases. Teucrium occidentale var. boreale lacks gland-tipped hairs.]

[Teucrium canadense:] Infrequent throughout the state in moist soil along roadsides, in low, open woods, especially along streams, about lakes, and in fallow and cultivated fields. The amount of pubescence of the stem and calyx varies greatly.

[Teucrium canadense var. virginicum:] Rather frequent throughout the state in habitats similar to those of the [full] species. I admit that the distinction between the species and the variety is not very constant since the bracts of the flowers become progressively shorter toward the end of the raceme. The lowest bracts may be conspicuously longer than the calyx while the remainder may be shorter. Other characters that have been given to separate them are not constant enough to be of much assistance. Probably only a form of the species in our area.

[Teucrium occidentale:] Infrequent and found mostly in low ground about lakes and in prairie habitats. [Teucrium occidentale var. boreale:] Infrequent to rare in the habitats of [T. occidentale].

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Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 3

Wetland Indicator Status: FACW