Hesperostipa spartea

Culms 45-90 (145) cm; lower nodes usually crossed by lines of pubescence, occasion-ally glabrous. Lower sheaths usually with ciliate margins; ligules of lower leaves 0.3-3 mm, stiff, truncate to rounded, usually entire; ligules of upper leaves 3-7.5 mm, thin, acute, often lacerate; blades 1.5-4.5 mm wide. Panicles 10-25 cm. Glumes 22-45 mm, subequal; florets 15-25 mm; calluses 3.5-6 mm; lemmas unevenly pubescent, densely pubescent on the margins and in lines on the lower portion of the lemmas, glabrous distally, hairs brown at maturity; awns 90-190 mm, terminal segment straight, scabridulous. 2n = 44, 46.

Hesperostipa spartea grows at elevations of 200-2600 m, primarily in the grasslands of the central plains and southern prairies of the Flora region. In its more northern locations, it tends to grow on sandy soils. The southern and western specimens from outside its primary range may represent introductions. It was once a common species, but its habitat is now intensively cultivated. It differs from H. curtiseta in its larger size, unevenly pubescent culm nodes, usually ciliate lower sheaths, and longer florets. Misra (1961) argued that its longer florets and awns enabled H. spartea to survive in drier sites than H. curtiseta. Native Americans used bundles of the florets for combs.

Culms 6-12 dm, in small tufts; sheaths glabrous; ligules of the upper lvs 4-6 mm, the lower much shorter; blades 2-5 mm wide, glabrous beneath, scabrous and usually also hairy above, the lower elongate, tapering to a fine point; panicle narrow, ±nodding, 1-2 dm, usually wholly exserted, the few branches each with 1-few spikelets; glumes 28-45 mm, tapering to a very slender point; mature lemma (15-)17-23 mm, brown, pubescent at base, decreasingly so above; awn 12-20 cm, stout, stiff, twice geniculate near the middle, the central segment usually 1.5-3 cm; 2n=44, 46. Dry prairies and open woods; Mich. and Ind. to N.D., Wyo., Mo., and N.M.; also in scattered dry habitats in O., Ont., and Pa. (Hesperostipa s.)

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.

From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Local to infrequent or frequent on open sand knolls, sand ridges, and dunes, or rarely on open gravelly places in the northwestern part of the state.

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Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 8

Wetland Indicator Status: N/A