Delicate herbs 5-15 cm at anthesis, taller at maturity; lvs broadly ovate in outline, 10-20 cm at maturity, much smaller at anthesis, their segments linear or spatulate; primary rays 1-2 cm; pet 3-4 mm; fr 5 mm wide, usually exceeded by the persistent bractlets. Rich woods; N.Y. to s. Mich., s. to D.C., Ala., and Ark. Mar., Apr.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.

From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Frequent to rare in rich woods throughout the state, usually found in beech and sugar maple woods and sugar maple and basswood woods.

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Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 5

Wetland Indicator Status: FACU

Diagnostic Traits: low-growing, glabrous, spring ephemeral; leaves several, 2-3× ternately compound; inflorescences with 2-4 umbellets, few-flowered; petals white, anthers dark; fruits laterally flattened, reniform with cordate base.