Dwarf, rarely to 1 dm, with superficial rhizomes, forming small, dense colonies as part of the ground-level vegetation; lvs deciduous, narrowly elliptic, 1-2 cm נ2-6 mm, sharply serrulate, green and glabrous or nearly so; cal and pedicel glaucous; cor cylindric, 3-4 mm, white; fr blue-glaucous, 3-5 mm; 2n=24. Alpine meadows and exposed, rocky sites; Nf., Lab., and Que., s. to mt.-tops of Me., n. N.H., n. Vt., and n. N.Y. June, July.
Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.