Stems erect, simple or branched, 1-12(-25) dm, pubescent and sometimes obscurely stipitate-glandular distally; rhizomes thickened; bulblets absent. Leaves whorled, opposite, or subopposite; petiole 0.1-0.6 cm, eciliate; blade lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate, 7-12 × 1.5-4 cm, base truncate, obtuse, or cuneate, sometimes slightly decurrent, margins entire or sometimes sinuate, slightly revolute or plane, eciliolate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces obscurely punctate apically or along margins, pubescent abaxially and sometimes sparsely stipitate-glandular adaxially; venation pinnate to reticulate. Inflorescences terminal or terminal and axillary in distal leaves, panicles, 2-8 cm. Pedicels 2-7 mm, pubescent and sometimes also stipitate-glandular. Flowers: sepals 5, calyx streaked with longitudinal maroon resin canals along margins, 2.5-5 mm, pubescent and stipitate-glandular near margins, lobes ovate, margins thin or slightly thickened; petals 5, corolla yellow, sometimes with reddish base, not streaked, rotate, 8-12 mm, lobes with margins entire, apex acute to rounded, stipitate-glandular adaxially; filaments connate 1.5-2.2 mm, shorter than corolla; staminodes absent. Capsules (somewhat reddened distally), 3.5-6 mm, not punctate, glabrous. 2n = 28, 42, 56, 84 (Europe).

Flowering summer. Gravelly stream banks, wet roadsides; 0-300 m; introduced; B.C., N.B., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que.; Colo., Conn., Ill., Ind., Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Mont., N.H., N.J., N.Y., Ohio, Pa., R.I., Vt., Wash., W.Va., Wis.; Europe.

Stems erect, to 1 m, from long, stoloniform rhizomes, ±soft- hairy; lvs whorled or opposite, punctate, lanceolate to lance-ovate, 7-12 cm, soft-hairy beneath; infl a terminal raceme and a series of peduncled short racemes or panicles from the upper axils; cal-lobes 2.5-4.5 mm, red-margined; cor-lobes 8-12 mm, entire; 2n=56, 84. Native of Eurasia, occasionally escaped from cult. in our range.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.

From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = null, non-native

Wetland Indicator Status: FACW