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Pinus

Pinus
Family: Pinaceae
Pinus image
George Ferguson
  • FNA
  • Gleason & Cronquist
  • Resources
Robert Kral from Flora of North America (vol. 2)
Trees or shrubs aromatic, evergreen; crown usually conic when young, often rounded or flat-topped with age. Bark of older stems variously furrowed and plated, plates and/or ridges layered or scaly. Branches usually in pseudowhorls; shoots dimorphic with long shoots and short shoots; short shoots borne in close spirals from axils of scaly bracts and bearing fascicles of leaves (needles). Buds ovoid to cylindric, apex pointed (blunt), usually resinous. Leaves dimorphic, spirally arranged; foliage leaves (needles) (1--)2--5(--6) per fascicle, persisting 2--12 or more years, terete or ± 2--3-angled and rounded on abaxial surface, sessile, sheathed at base by 12--15 overlapping scale leaves, these (at least firmer basal ones) persisting for life of fascicle or shed after first season; resin canals 2 or more. Pollen cones in dense, spikelike cluster around base of current year's growth, mostly ovoid to cylindric-conic, tan to yellow, red, blue, or lavender. Seed cones maturing in 2(--3) years, shed early or variously persistent, pendent to ± erect, at maturity conic or cylindric, sessile or stalked, shedding seed soon after maturity or variously serotinous (not opening upon maturity but much later); scales persistent, woody or pliable, surface of exposed apical portion of each scale (apophysis) thickened, with umbo (exposed scale surface of young cone) represented by a scar (sometimes apiculate) or extended into a hook, spur, claw, or prickle; bracts included. Seeds winged or wingless; cotyledons (3--)6--10(--18). x =12.
Vascular plants of NE US and adjacent Canada
Male cones in fascicles at the base of the current year's growth; female cones woody, maturing at the end of the second or third season and often long-persistent; apophysis (exposed portion of the mature cone-scale) marked by a transverse line or ridge interrupted in the center by a linear to round or quadrate, often elevated or spine-bearing umbo, or the umbo sometimes terminal; evergreen trees or shrubs with dimorphic branches and lvs, the long branches (except in seedlings) bearing only scale-lvs, from the axils of which early appear very short dwarf branches, each bearing a cluster of (1)2-5 needle-like lvs, the cluster surrounded at the base by a bundle- sheath of 1 or more membranous scale-lvs; dwarf branches eventually (after 2-several years) deciduous with the lvs; evergreen trees or shrubs; 2n=24. Nearly 100, N. Hemisphere.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.
Species within checklist: NYC EcoFlora - cultivated and such
Pinus albicaulis
Media resource of Pinus albicaulis
Map not
Available
Pinus armandii
Media resource of Pinus armandii
Map not
Available
Pinus banksiana
Media resource of Pinus banksiana
Map not
Available
Pinus bungeana
Media resource of Pinus bungeana
Map not
Available
Pinus canariensis
Media resource of Pinus canariensis
Map not
Available
Pinus caribaea
Media resource of Pinus caribaea
Map not
Available
Pinus cembra
Media resource of Pinus cembra
Map not
Available
Pinus contorta
Media resource of Pinus contorta
Map not
Available
Pinus densiflora
Media resource of Pinus densiflora
Map not
Available
Pinus devoniana
Media resource of Pinus devoniana
Map not
Available
Pinus edulis
Media resource of Pinus edulis
Map not
Available
Pinus flexilis
Media resource of Pinus flexilis
Map not
Available
Pinus glabra
Media resource of Pinus glabra
Map not
Available
Pinus heldreichii
Media resource of Pinus heldreichii
Map not
Available
Pinus jeffreyi
Media resource of Pinus jeffreyi
Map not
Available
Pinus koraiensis
Media resource of Pinus koraiensis
Map not
Available
Pinus massoniana
Media resource of Pinus massoniana
Map not
Available
Pinus monticola
Media resource of Pinus monticola
Map not
Available
Pinus mugo
Media resource of Pinus mugo
Map not
Available
Pinus nigra
Media resource of Pinus nigra
Map not
Available
Pinus occidentalis
Media resource of Pinus occidentalis
Map not
Available
Pinus palustris
Media resource of Pinus palustris
Map not
Available
Pinus parviflora
Media resource of Pinus parviflora
Map not
Available
Pinus peuce
Media resource of Pinus peuce
Map not
Available
Pinus ponderosa
Media resource of Pinus ponderosa
Map not
Available
Pinus pungens
Media resource of Pinus pungens
Map not
Available
Pinus sabiniana
Media resource of Pinus sabiniana
Map not
Available
Pinus serotina
Media resource of Pinus serotina
Map not
Available
Pinus strobiformis
Media resource of Pinus strobiformis
Map not
Available
Pinus tabuliformis
Media resource of Pinus tabuliformis
Map not
Available
Pinus taeda
Media resource of Pinus taeda
Map not
Available
Pinus thunbergii
Media resource of Pinus thunbergii
Map not
Available
Pinus wallichiana
Media resource of Pinus wallichiana
Map not
Available
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