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Aristolochia

Aristolochia
Family: Aristolochiaceae
Aristolochia image
  • FNA
  • VPAP
  • Gleason & Cronquist
  • Resources
Kerry Barringer in Flora of North America (vol. 3)
Herbs or lianas , perennial. Stems erect, twining, or procumbent. Leaves alternate, 2-ranked (evident on young growth, becoming obscure with age in some species); true stipules absent; pseudostipules absent [present]; petiole sometimes very short. Leaf blade membranous to leathery. Inflorescences on new growth or on older stems, axillary, racemes or solitary flowers; bracts present. Flowers: calyx usually mixture of purple, brown, green, or red, bilaterally symmetric, tubular, usually bent or curved, 1- or 3-lobed, not fleshy, base with utricle (basal, inflated portion of calyx surrounding or containing gynostemium); tube narrowed, sometimes extended proximally as cylindric syrinx (tubular or ringlike structure at juncture of tube and utricle, projecting into utricle cavity) and distally as annulus (circular flange at juncture of tube and limb) on limb; corolla absent; stamens 5-6, adnate to styles and stigmas, forming gynostemium; ovary inferior, 3-, 5-, or 6-locular; styles 3, 5, or 6, connate in column. Capsule dry, dehiscent. Seeds flattened or rounded, sometimes winged. x = 6, 7, 8.

Most European and tropical species of Aristolochia are believed to be pollinated by small flies attracted to the flowers by the fetid odors and purple-brown color. Flies enter the flower when the stigmas are receptive and are trapped until after the anthers dehisce (H. Solereder 1889, 1889b). No formal studies of pollination of the North American species have been reported.

Many species of Aristolochia have been used in the treatment of snakebite; the treatment may or may not be effective. All species contain aristolochic acid, which is variously reported as tumor-causing or tumor-inhibiting (J. A. Duke 1985).

The leaves of many species are eaten by pipe-vine swallowtail butterflies. The larvae eat leaves of these species and sequester aristolochic acid in their bodies, making them unpalatable to birds (W. H. Howe 1975).

JANAS 32(1)
FLOWERS: zygomorphic; sepals connate, enlarged and petal-like, often s-shaped or pipe-shaped, rarely straight; petals absent; stamens 5-6,; pistil 5- 6-carpelled, the ovary inferior. SEEDS flat, rounded, or some¬times winged. NOTES: 500 spp.; world-wide, temperate and tropical regions. (Greek: aristos = best + lochia = delivery). REFERENCES: Mason, Charles T., Jr. 1999. Aristolochiaceae. Ariz.-Nev. Acad. Sci. 32(1).
Vascular plants of NE US and adjacent Canada
Cal tubular, irregular, S-shaped or pipe-shaped and 3-lobed at the summit, or straight and with a single unilateral terminal lobe; pet none; stamens in ours 6; anthers sessile, adnate to the style; ovary inferior, 6-locular (in ours); style short and stout; stigma broad, with 6 (in ours) lobes or angles; fr a septicidal, lobed or angled capsule, with numerous compressed, horizontal seeds; herbs or woody vines, usually with broad, alternate, palmately veined lvs, and with small or large fls solitary or fascicled in the axils. 500, cosmop.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.
Species within checklist: NYC EcoFlora - Historical and rare collections (version Aug 2018) || << 51 - 100 taxa >>
Aristolochia elegans
Media resource of Aristolochia elegans
Map not
Available
Aristolochia embergeri
Media
not available
Map not
Available
Aristolochia emiliae
Media
not available
Map not
Available
Aristolochia erecta
Media resource of Aristolochia erecta
Map not
Available
Aristolochia esperanzae
Media resource of Aristolochia esperanzae
Map not
Available
Aristolochia filipendulina
Media
not available
Map not
Available
Aristolochia fimbriata
Media resource of Aristolochia fimbriata
Map not
Available
Aristolochia foetida
Media resource of Aristolochia foetida
Map not
Available
Aristolochia fontanesii
Media
not available
Map not
Available
Aristolochia foveolata
Media resource of Aristolochia foveolata
Map not
Available
Aristolochia fragrantissima
Media resource of Aristolochia fragrantissima
Map not
Available
Aristolochia galeata
Media resource of Aristolochia galeata
Map not
Available
Aristolochia galeotti
Media
not available
Map not
Available
Aristolochia giberti
Media resource of Aristolochia giberti
Map not
Available
Aristolochia gigantea
Media resource of Aristolochia gigantea
Map not
Available
Aristolochia glandulosa
Media resource of Aristolochia glandulosa
Map not
Available
Aristolochia glossa
Media resource of Aristolochia glossa
Map not
Available
Aristolochia goudotii
Media
not available
Map not
Available
Aristolochia grandiflora
Media resource of Aristolochia grandiflora
Map not
Available
Aristolochia guadalajarana
Media resource of Aristolochia guadalajarana
Map not
Available
Aristolochia guentheri
Media resource of Aristolochia guentheri
Map not
Available
Aristolochia hastata
Media resource of Aristolochia hastata
Map not
Available
Aristolochia heppii
Media
not available
Map not
Available
Aristolochia hians
Media
not available
Map not
Available
Aristolochia hirta
Media resource of Aristolochia hirta
Map not
Available
Aristolochia hockii
Media
not available
Map not
Available
Aristolochia iberica
Media resource of Aristolochia iberica
Map not
Available
Aristolochia impudica
Media resource of Aristolochia impudica
Map not
Available
Aristolochia indica
Media resource of Aristolochia indica
Map not
Available
Aristolochia inflata
Media resource of Aristolochia inflata
Map not
Available
Aristolochia jaliscana
Media resource of Aristolochia jaliscana
Map not
Available
Aristolochia kaempferi
Media resource of Aristolochia kaempferi
Map not
Available
Aristolochia karwinskii
Media resource of Aristolochia karwinskii
Map not
Available
Aristolochia klugii
Media
not available
Map not
Available
Aristolochia labiata
Media resource of Aristolochia labiata
Map not
Available
Aristolochia lassa
Media resource of Aristolochia lassa
Map not
Available
Aristolochia leptosticta
Media resource of Aristolochia leptosticta
Map not
Available
Aristolochia leuconeura
Media resource of Aristolochia leuconeura
Map not
Available
Aristolochia lindeniana
Media resource of Aristolochia lindeniana
Map not
Available
Aristolochia linearifolia
Media resource of Aristolochia linearifolia
Map not
Available
Aristolochia lingulata
Media resource of Aristolochia lingulata
Map not
Available
Aristolochia littoralis
Media resource of Aristolochia littoralis
Map not
Available
Aristolochia longa
Media resource of Aristolochia longa
Map not
Available
Aristolochia longecaudata
Media resource of Aristolochia longecaudata
Map not
Available
Aristolochia longiflora
Media resource of Aristolochia longiflora
Map not
Available
Aristolochia longifolia
Media resource of Aristolochia longifolia
Map not
Available
Aristolochia longipes
Media resource of Aristolochia longipes
Map not
Available
Aristolochia lutea
Media resource of Aristolochia lutea
Map not
Available
Aristolochia luzmariana
Media
not available
Map not
Available
Aristolochia macgregorii
Media resource of Aristolochia macgregorii
Map not
Available
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