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Ficus

Ficus
Family: Moraceae
Ficus image
  • FNA
  • Resources
Richard P. Wunderlin in Flora of North America (vol. 3)
Trees, shrubs, or woody vines , evergreen or deciduous, commonly epiphytic or scandent as seedlings; sap milky. Terminal buds surrounded by pair of stipules. Leaves alternate, monomorphic (dimorphic in F . pumila ); stipules caducous, fused, enclosing naked buds. Leaf blade: margins entire (lobed in F . carica ), rarely dentate; venation pinnate or nearly palmate. Inflorescences small, borne on inner walls of fruitlike and fleshy receptacle (syconium). Flowers: staminate and pistillate on same plant. Staminate flowers sessile or pedicellate; calyx of 2-6 sepals; stamens 1-2, straight. Pistillate flowers sessile; ovary 1-locular; style unbranched, lateral. Syconia globose to pyriform; achenes completely embedded in enlarged, fleshy, common receptacle and accessible by apical opening (ostiole) closed by small scales. x = 13.

Worldwide, Ficus is one of the largest genera of flowering plants. Members of the genus are usually treated as a separate tribe within Moraceae because of their unique inflorescence and wasp-dependent system of pollination.

The floral characters (especially of the American species, which are quite uniform) are exceedingly difficult to use or of little value in distinguishing species. Therefore they are not used in the species descriptions. The form of the syconium, however, is often significant and taxonomically useful.

Ficus pseudocarica Miquel was cited by P. A. Munz (1974) as an occasional escape in the Santa Barbara region. It is not cited by other workers, and I have seen no specimens.

Ficus rubiginosa Desfontaines ex Ventenat cultivar `Florida', a species native to Australia, has recently been reported as naturalized in the Los Angeles area (Michael O'Brien, pers. comm.). It is a small tree with rusty-pubescent branchlets, petiole, and abaxial leaf surfaces; ovate to elliptic-oblong, leathery, 10-cm leaves; and paired axillary, globose, warty, rusty-pubescent syconia 1 cm in diameter. Vernacular names include Port Jackson fig, rusty fig, and littleleaf fig.

Species within inventory project: Arizona Flora
Ficus auriculata
Media resource of Ficus auriculata
Map not
Available
Ficus benghalensis
Media resource of Ficus benghalensis
Map not
Available
Ficus benjamina
Media resource of Ficus benjamina
Map not
Available
Ficus binnendijkii
Media resource of Ficus binnendijkii
Map not
Available
Ficus carica
Media resource of Ficus carica
Map not
Available
Ficus cotinifolia
Media resource of Ficus cotinifolia
Map not
Available
Ficus cunia
Media
not available
Map not
Available
Ficus elastica
Media resource of Ficus elastica
Map not
Available
Ficus insipida
Media resource of Ficus insipida
Map not
Available
Ficus lutea
Media resource of Ficus lutea
Map not
Available
Ficus lyrata
Media resource of Ficus lyrata
Map not
Available
Ficus microcarpa
Media resource of Ficus microcarpa
Map not
Available
Ficus palmeri
Media resource of Ficus palmeri
Map not
Available
Ficus pertusa
Media resource of Ficus pertusa
Map not
Available
Ficus petiolaris
Media resource of Ficus petiolaris
Map not
Available
Ficus pseudopalma
Media resource of Ficus pseudopalma
Map not
Available
Ficus pumila
Media resource of Ficus pumila
Map not
Available
Ficus religiosa
Media resource of Ficus religiosa
Map not
Available
Ficus roxburghii
Media resource of Ficus roxburghii
Map not
Available
Ficus rubiginosa
Media resource of Ficus rubiginosa
Map not
Available
Ficus semicordata
Media resource of Ficus semicordata
Map not
Available
Ficus subpisocarpa
Media resource of Ficus subpisocarpa
Map not
Available
Ficus subrotundifolia
Media resource of Ficus subrotundifolia
Map not
Available
Ficus superba
Media resource of Ficus superba
Map not
Available
Ficus thonningii
Media resource of Ficus thonningii
Map not
Available
Ficus trigonata
Media resource of Ficus trigonata
Map not
Available
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This project was made possible in part by the Institute of Museum and Library Services [MG-70-19-0057-19].

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