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Lamiaceae

Lamiaceae
Lamiaceae image
Max Licher
  • General Description
  • Resources
PLANT: Annual, biennial and perennial herbs or shrubs (rarely small trees), often variously pubescent, mostly aromatic; stems mostly 4 angled. LEAVES: opposite (rarely alternate or whorled), simple (rarely pinnately compound), mostly toothed to lobed, exstipulate. INFLORESCENCE: cymose, or less often racemose to paniculate, the cymes often congested as axillary verticils, these sometimes forming spikes or interrupted spikes, the internodes then clearly visible. FLOWERS: mostly perfect; sepals 5, connate, the calyx appearing 2 5 lobed or toothed, actinomorphic to zygomorphic, mostly persistent; petals 5, connate, the corolla (4 )5 lobed, mostly strongly zygomorphic, often bilabiate; stamens epipetalous, 2 (2 staminodes sometimes also present) or 4 (then of two lengths); pistil 1; carpels 2; ovary superior, sessile to stalked, deeply 4 lobed, each lobe with 1 ovule; style 1, the stigma usually 2 lobed. FRUIT: of 4 1 seeded nutlets. NOTES: Ca. 200 genera, ca. 3500 spp., cosmopolitan; frequented by many pollinators, especially bees. Volatile oils are produced by most species. Many are cultivated as culinary herbs, including Mentha (mints), Lavandula (lavender), Salvia (sage), Thymus (thyme), Ocimum (basil), Origanum (oregano), and Rosmarinus (rosemary). Others are cultivated for ornament (Solenostemon, Monarda, Salvia) and the alkaloids of a few have known psychoactive or medicinal properties. As traditionally defined, a group that is mostly easy to recognize, but considered polyphyletic by Cantino (1992) Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 79:361 379.
Species within checklist: NYC EcoFlora - Historical and rare collections (version Aug 2018)
Cunila origanoides
Media resource of Cunila origanoides
Galeopsis bifida
Media resource of Galeopsis bifida
Lycopus europaeus
Media resource of Lycopus europaeus
Lycopus uniflorus
Media resource of Lycopus uniflorus
Marrubium vulgare
Media resource of Marrubium vulgare
Mentha arvensis
Media resource of Mentha arvensis
Mentha canadensis
Media resource of Mentha canadensis
Mentha longifolia
Media resource of Mentha longifolia
Pycnanthemum clinopodioides
Media resource of Pycnanthemum clinopodioides
Pycnanthemum torreyi
Media resource of Pycnanthemum torreyi
Scutellaria integrifolia
Media resource of Scutellaria integrifolia
Scutellaria serrata
Media resource of Scutellaria serrata
Stachys aspera
Media resource of Stachys aspera
Stachys palustris
Media resource of Stachys palustris
Trichostema setaceum
Media resource of Trichostema setaceum
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This project was made possible in part by the Institute of Museum and Library Services [MG-70-19-0057-19].

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