Carex crawei

Rhizomes long-creeping. Culms solitary (rarely 2 together), 2-30(-40) cm. Leaves light green, cauline blades tending to be recurved, 0.6-9.7 cm × 1.5-4.4 mm; widest leaves 1.8-3(-4.4) mm wide. Inflorescences: peduncle of terminal spike (0.4-)0.9-7.6(-9.1) cm; bracts usually shorter than culms; ligule of proximal bract 0.1-2.2 mm; longest bract blade (per plant) of distal lateral spike 2-6.7 cm. Proximal spikes usually arising from proximal 1/2 of culms, 5-27 × 3.1-6.3 mm. Terminal spike (5-)11-24 mm, usually separated from distal lateral spike (unless staminate). Pistillate scales ovate or ovate-triangular, 1.2-2.9 × 1.1-1.6 mm. Staminate scales with apex rounded to obtuse. Anthers 1.9-2.9 mm. Perigynia yellowish green to pale brown, oblong-ovoid to ellipsoid, 2.2-3.4(-3.7) × 1.1-1.9 mm, 1.4-2.6 times as long as thick; beak 0.1-0.3 mm, orifice entire or nearly so (teeth to 0.1 mm). Achenes 1.4-1.9 × 1-1.8 mm, not including prominent apiculus 0.2-0.4 mm. 2n = 38, 59, 60.

Fruiting late spring-late summer (May-mid Aug). Dry to usually moist, open ground, often associated with calcareous gravels or limestone pavements, in wet meadows, fens, prairie swales, beach pools, shores and glades, less commonly edges of white-cedar thickets, prairie patches along rights-of-way, streams, ditches, and quarries; 0-2700 m; Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., NfId. and Labr. (NfId.), Ont., Que., Sask.; Ala., Ark., Conn., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Maine, Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., Nebr., N.J., N.Y., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., S.Dak., Tenn., Utah, Va., Wash., Wis., Wyo.

Though widespread, Carex crawei is usually rare or local except near the shores of the Great Lakes, glades in the Interior Highlands, and prairie swales on parts of the Great Plains. Other authors have reported it from Nova Scotia (H. J. Scoggan 1978-1979, part 2; earlier mentioned by M. L. Fernald 1948 on the authority of J. M. Macoun 1899); no specimens to substantiate the reports have been found.

The perigynia in Carex crawei are usually smaller than in C. microdonta. A few specimens from Ontario and New York with all other characteristics of C. crawei have larger and slightly beaked perigynia that approach those of C. microdonta.

Stems 1-3 dm, stiff, solitary to loosely clustered on long rhizomes; lvs thick and stiff, pale green, 1-4 mm wide, usually curved or recurved; terminal spike staminate, 1-2 cm, its peduncle elongate, overtopping the pistillate spike and usually the bracts; pistillate spikes 2-4, the lowest almost basal, on short-exsert peduncles, the upper shorter-pedunculate or subsessile, short-cylindric, 1-1.5 cm; pistillate scales triangular-ovate, much shorter than the perigynia, acute, acuminate or short- cuspidate; perigynia crowded in several rows, ovoid to ellipsoid, 2.1-3.5 mm, sharply or obscurely nerved, rather abruptly tapering into a very short straight beak; 2n=38. Wet meadows, shores, and rock- ledges in calcareous districts; Que. to B.C., s. to N.J., Tenn., Ala., and Ark.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.

From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Known in Indiana from Lake County only where it is locally plentiful on moist sandy interdunal flats. Here it is commonly associated with Carex Garberi, C. aurea, C. Meadii, and often with C. viridula.

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Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 10

Wetland Indicator Status: FACW