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           [Tracheobionta]
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      Magnoliophyta
             [Angiospermae]
         Eudicots
                    Ranunculales
                            <b>Menispermaceae</b>
                                     <i>Abuta</i>
                                             <i>Abuta bullata</i>
                                             <i>Abuta chiapasensis</i>
                                             <i>Abuta dwyeriana</i>
                                             <i>Abuta fluminum</i>
                                             <i>Abuta grandifolia</i>
                                                   [Abuta guianensis]
                                             <i>Abuta imene</i>
                                             <i>Abuta mycetandra</i>
                                                   [Abuta obovata]
                                             <i>Abuta pahni</i>
                                             <i>Abuta pahnii</i>
                                             <i>Abuta panamensis</i>
                                                   [Hyperbaena brunnescens]
                                                   [Hyperbaena hondurensis]
                                             <i>Abuta racemosa</i>
                                             <i>Abuta rufescens</i>
                                                   [Abuta splendida]
                                             <i>Abuta sandwithiana</i>
                                             <i>Abuta selloana</i>
                                             <i>Abuta solimoesensis</i>
                                             <i>Abuta steyermarkii</i>
                                                   [Hyperbaena steyermarkii]
                                     <i>Albertisia</i>
                                             <i>Albertisia apiculata</i>
                                                   [Epinetrum apiculatum]
                                             <i>Albertisia capituliflora</i>
                                                   [Anisocycla capituliflora]
                                                   [Epinetrum capituliflorum]
                                             <i>Albertisia cordifolia</i>
                                                   [Epinetrum cordifolium]
                                             <i>Albertisia cuneata</i>
                                                   [Epinetrum cuneatum]
                                             <i>Albertisia delagoensis</i>
                                                   [Anisocycla triplinervia]
                                                   [Epinetrum delagoense]
                                                   [Junodia triplinervia]
                                                   [Synclisia delagoensis]
                                                   [Synclisia junodii]
                                             <i>Albertisia exelliana</i>
                                                   [Epinetrum exellianum]
                                             <i>Albertisia ferruginea</i>
                                                   [Anisocycla ferruginea]
                                                   [Epinetrum ferrugineum]
                                                   [Synclisia ferruginea]
                                             <i>Albertisia glabra</i>
                                                   [Epinetrum glabrum]
                                             <i>Albertisia laurifolia</i>
                                             <i>Albertisia mangenotii</i>
                                                   [Epinetrum mangenotii]
                                             <i>Albertisia porcata</i>
                                             <i>Albertisia scandens</i>
                                                   [Epinetrum scandens]
                                             <i>Albertisia undulata</i>
                                                   [Epinetrum undulatum]
                                             <i>Albertisia villosa</i>
                                                   [Epinetrum villosum]
                                                   [Synclisia villosa]
                                     <i>Anamirta</i>
                                             <i>Anamirta cocculus</i>
                                             <i>Anamirta paniculata</i>
                                     <i>Anisocycla</i>
                                             <i>Anisocycla blepharosepala</i>
                                               <i>Anisocycla blepharosepala subsp. blepharosepala</i>
                                               <i>Anisocycla blepharosepala subsp. tanzaniensis</i>
                                             <i>Anisocycla cymosa</i>
                                             <i>Anisocycla jollyana</i>
                                                   [Glossopholis jollyana]
                                     <i>Anomospermum</i>
                                             <i>Anomospermum chloranthum</i>
                                               <i>Anomospermum chloranthum subsp. isthmicola</i>
                                               <i>Anomospermum chloranthum subsp. occidentale</i>
                                                     [Anomospermum occidentale]
                                             <i>Anomospermum grandifolium</i>
                                             <i>Anomospermum reticulatum</i>
                                               <i>Anomospermum reticulatum subsp. venezuelense</i>
                                     <i>Antizoma</i>
                                             <i>Antizoma angolensis</i>
                                             <i>Antizoma angustifolia</i>
                                                   [Antizoma harveyana]
                                             <i>Antizoma miersiana</i>
                                                   [Cissampelos miersiana]
                                     <i>Beirnaertia</i>
                                             <i>Beirnaertia cabindensis</i>
                                                   [Beirnaertia yangambiensis]
                                                   [Tiliacora cabindensis]
                                     <i>Borismene</i>
                                             <i>Borismene japurensis</i>
                                     <i>Bricchettia</i>
                                     <i>Bursaria</i>
                                             <i>Bursaria incana</i>
                                             <i>Bursaria spinosa</i>
                                               <i>Bursaria spinosa subsp. lasiophylla</i>
                                               <i>Bursaria spinosa subsp. spinosa</i>
                                               <i>Bursaria spinosa var. macrophylla</i>
                                     <i>Calycocarpum</i>
                                             <i>Calycocarpum lyonii</i>
                                     <i>Caryomene</i>
                                             <i>Caryomene foveolata</i>
                                             <i>Caryomene olivascens</i>
                                     <i>Chasmanthera</i>
                                             <i>Chasmanthera dependens</i>
                                             <i>Chasmanthera welwitschii</i>
                                                   [Chasmanthera strigosa]
                                                   [Kolobopetalum tisseranti]
                              Chasmantheroideae
                                     <i>Arcangelisia</i>
                                             <i>Arcangelisia flava</i>
                                                   [Anamirta lemniscata]
                                                   [Arcangelisia lemniscata]
                                             <i>Arcangelisia tympanopoda</i>
                                     <i>Burasaia</i>
                                             <i>Burasaia madagascariensis</i>
                                     <i>Chlaenandra</i>
                                             <i>Chlaenandra ovata</i>
                                     <i>Coscinium</i>
                                             <i>Coscinium fenestratum</i>
                                                   [Coscinium peltatum]
                                     <i>Paratinospora</i>
                                             <i>Paratinospora sagittata</i>
                                                   [Tinospora capillipes]
                                     <i>Rhigiocarya</i>
                                             <i>Rhigiocarya leonensis</i>
                                                   [Kolobopetalum leonense]
                                             <i>Rhigiocarya nervosa</i>
                                             <i>Rhigiocarya peltata</i>
                                             <i>Rhigiocarya racemifera</i>
                                                   [Chasmanthera nervosa]
                                                   [Miersiophyton nervosum]
                                     <i>Chondodendron</i>
                                             <i>Chondodendron toxicoferum</i>
                                     <i>Chondrodendron</i>
                                             <i>Chondrodendron hypoleucum</i>
                                             <i>Chondrodendron limaciifolium</i>
                                             <i>Chondrodendron tomentosum</i>
                                     <i>Cissampelos</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos andromorpha</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos capensis</i>
                                                   [Antizoma capensis]
                                             <i>Cissampelos fasciculata</i>
                                                   [Cissampelos coriacea]
                                             <i>Cissampelos friesiorum</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos glaberrima</i>
                                                   [Cissampelos parriera]
                                             <i>Cissampelos grandifolia</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos hirta</i>
                                                   [Cissampelos pareira subvar. hirta]
                                                   [Cissampelos pareira subvar. usambarensis]
                                                   [Cissampelos pareira var. klotzschii]
                                             <i>Cissampelos insignis</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos keniensis</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos laxiflora</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos macrosepala</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos mucronata</i>
                                                   [Cissampelos pareira subvar. zairensis]
                                                   [Cissampelos senensis]
                                                   [Cissampelos zairensis]
                                             <i>Cissampelos nigrescens</i>
                                               <i>Cissampelos nigrescens var. cardiophylla</i>
                                               <i>Cissampelos nigrescens var. nigrescens</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos ovalifolia</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos owariensis</i>
                                                   [Cissampelos insolita]
                                                   [Cissampelos pareira var. owariensis]
                                                   [Cissampelos robertsonii]
                                             <i>Cissampelos pareira</i>
                                                   [Cissampelos convolvulacea]
                                                   [Cissampelos heterophylla]
                                                   [Cissampelos pareira subsp. haenkeana]
                                                   [Cissampelos pareira var. haenkeana]
                                                   [Cissampelos tomentosa]
                                               <i>Cissampelos pareira var. hirsuta</i>
                                                     [Cissampelos convolvulacea var. hirsuta]
                                                     [Cissampelos ellenbeckii]
                                                     [Cissampelos hirsuta]
                                                     [Cissampelos nepalensis]
                                               <i>Cissampelos pareira var. orbiculata</i>
                                                     [Cissampelos orbiculata]
                                                     [Cissampelos pareira var. typica]
                                               <i>Cissampelos pareira var. pareira</i>
                                                     [Cissampelos pareira subvar. asperifolia]
                                                     [Cissampelos pareira subvar. crassifolia]
                                                     [Cissampelos pareira subvar. wakefieldii]
                                                     [Cissampelos pareira var. transitoria]
                                               <i>Cissampelos pareira var. racemiflora</i>
                                               <i>Cissampelos pareira var. wildei</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos rigidifolia</i>
                                                   [Cissampelos pareira subvar. rigidifolia]
                                               <i>Cissampelos rigidifolia var. lanuginosa</i>
                                               <i>Cissampelos rigidifolia var. rigidifolia</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos sympodialis</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos tenuipes</i>
                                             <i>Cissampelos torulosa</i>
                                                   [Cissampelos wildemaniana]
                                             <i>Cissampelos tropaeolifolia</i>
                                                   [Cissampelos sympodialis var. grandifolia]
                                             <i>Cissampelos truncata</i>
                                     <i>Cocculus</i>
                                             <i>Cocculus carolinianus</i>
                                             <i>Cocculus diversifolius</i>
                                                   [Cocculus oblongifolius]
                                             <i>Cocculus ferrandianus</i>
                                             <i>Cocculus hirstus</i>
                                             <i>Cocculus hirsutus</i>
                                                   [Holopeira torrida]
                                                   [Menispermum hirsutum]
                                                   [Menispermum villosum]
                                             <i>Cocculus integer</i>
                                             <i>Cocculus laurifolius</i>
                                             <i>Cocculus lonchophyllus</i>
                                             <i>Cocculus orbiculatus</i>
                                                   [Cocculus thunbergii]
                                               <i>Cocculus orbiculatus var. mollis</i>
                                                     [Cocculus mollis]
                                               <i>Cocculus orbiculatus var. orbiculatus</i>
                                             <i>Cocculus pendulus</i>
                                                   [Bricchettia somalensis]
                                                   [Cocculus laevis]
                                                   [Cocculus leaeba]
                                                   [Epibaterium pendulum]
                                             <i>Cocculus trilobus</i>
                                             <i>Cocculus villosus</i>
                                             <i>Cocculus virgatus</i>
                                     <i>Curarea</i>
                                             <i>Curarea candicans</i>
                                             <i>Curarea cuatrecasasii</i>
                                             <i>Curarea tecunarum</i>
                                             <i>Curarea toxicofera</i>
                                                   [Chondrodendron polyanthum]
                                     <i>Cyclea</i>
                                             <i>Cyclea bicristata</i>
                                             <i>Cyclea elegans</i>
                                             <i>Cyclea hypoglauca</i>
                                             <i>Cyclea ochiaiana</i>
                                                   [Cissampelos ochiaiana]
                                             <i>Cyclea peltata</i>
                                             <i>Cyclea polypetala</i>
                                             <i>Cyclea racemosa</i>
                                             <i>Cyclea sutchuenensis</i>
                                     <i>Desmonema</i>
                                     <i>Dialytheca</i>
                                             <i>Dialytheca gossweileri</i>
                                     <i>Dioscoreophyllum</i>
                                             <i>Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii</i>
                                             <i>Dioscoreophyllum gossweileri</i>
                                                   [Dioscoreophyllum triandrum]
                                             <i>Dioscoreophyllum volkensii</i>
                                                   [Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii var. cumminsii]
                                               <i>Dioscoreophyllum volkensii var. fernandense</i>
                                                     [Dioscoreophyllum fernandense]
                                                     [Dioscoreophyllum podandrium]
                                                     [Dioscoreophyllum tenerum var. fernandense]
                                               <i>Dioscoreophyllum volkensii var. volkensii</i>
                                                     [Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii var. leptotrichos]
                                                     [Dioscoreophyllum klaineanum]
                                                     [Dioscoreophyllum strigosum]
                                                     [Dioscoreophyllum tenerum]
                                                     [Rhopalandria cumminsii]
                                                     [Rhopalandria lobatum]
                                     <i>Disciphania</i>
                                             <i>Disciphania calocarpa</i>
                                                   [Disciphania coriacea]
                                             <i>Disciphania cardiophylla</i>
                                             <i>Disciphania convolvulacea</i>
                                                   [Chondrodendron convolvulaceum]
                                             <i>Disciphania ernstii</i>
                                                   [Disciphania appendiculata]
                                               <i>Disciphania ernstii var. glaziovii</i>
                                             <i>Disciphania heterophylla</i>
                                             <i>Disciphania inversa</i>
                                             <i>Disciphania mexicana</i>
                                             <i>Disciphania moriorum</i>
                                             <i>Disciphania nesiotes</i>
                                             <i>Disciphania spadicea</i>
                                             <i>Disciphania tricaudata</i>
                                     <i>Elephantomene</i>
                                             <i>Elephantomene eburnea</i>
                                     <i>Epibaterium</i>
                                             <i>Epibaterium carolinum</i>
                                     <i>Epinetrum</i>
                                     <i>Fibraurea</i>
                                             <i>Fibraurea chloroleuca</i>
                                             <i>Fibraurea darshanii</i>
                                             <i>Fibraurea tinctoria</i>
                                     <i>Glossopholis</i>
                                     <i>Heptacyclum</i>
                                     <i>Holopeira</i>
                                     <i>Hyalosepalum</i>
                                     <i>Hyperbaena</i>
                                             <i>Hyperbaena allenii</i>
                                             <i>Hyperbaena axilliflora</i>
                                                   [Anomospermum axilliflorum]
                                                   [Pachygone cubensis var. angustifolia]
                                             <i>Hyperbaena brevipes</i>
                                             <i>Hyperbaena columbica</i>
                                             <i>Hyperbaena cubensis</i>
                                                   [Hyperbaena acutifolia]
                                                   [Hyperbaena cuneifolia]
                                                   [Hyperbaena littoralis]
                                                   [Hyperbaena ovata]
                                                   [Hyperbaena racemosa]
                                                   [Pachygone cubensis]
                                             <i>Hyperbaena domingensis</i>
                                                   [Cocculus domingensis]
                                                   [Hyperbaena rotundiuscula]
                                                   [Pachygone domingensis]
                                             <i>Hyperbaena eladioana</i>
                                             <i>Hyperbaena hassleri</i>
                                                   [Abuta parvifolia]
                                             <i>Hyperbaena ilicifolia</i>
                                             <i>Hyperbaena jalcomulcensis</i>
                                             <i>Hyperbaena laurifolia</i>
                                                   [Hyperbaena glauciramis]
                                                   [Hyperbaena pellucida]
                                             <i>Hyperbaena leptobotryosa</i>
                                                   [Hyperbaena isophylla]
                                                   [Phyllanthus leptobotryosus]
                                             <i>Hyperbaena lindmanii</i>
                                                   [Hyperbaena salicifolia]
                                             <i>Hyperbaena mexicana</i>
                                                   [Hyperbaena denticulata]
                                                   [Hyperbaena guatemalensis]
                                                   [Hyperbaena nectandrifolia]
                                                   [Hyperbaena phanerophlebia]
                                             <i>Hyperbaena oblongifolia</i>
                                             <i>Hyperbaena prioriana</i>
                                             <i>Hyperbaena smilacina</i>
                                             <i>Hyperbaena standleyi</i>
                                             <i>Hyperbaena tonduzii</i>
                                                   [Hyperbaena salvadorensis]
                                             <i>Hyperbaena undulata</i>
                                             <i>Hyperbaena vulcania</i>
                                             <i>Hyperbaena winzerlingii</i>
                                     <i>Hypserpa</i>
                                             <i>Hypserpa decumbens</i>
                                             <i>Hypserpa laurina</i>
                                             <i>Hypserpa neocaledonica</i>
                                             <i>Hypserpa nitida</i>
                                                   [Cocculus cuspidatus]
                                                   [Hypserpa cuspidata]
                                             <i>Hypserpa polyandra</i>
                                             <i>Hypserpa smilacifolia</i>
                                     <i>Jateorhiza</i>
                                             <i>Jateorhiza macrantha</i>
                                                   [Cocculus macranthus]
                                                   [Jateorhiza strigosa]
                                             <i>Jateorhiza miersii</i>
                                             <i>Jateorhiza palmata</i>
                                                   [Cocculus palmatus]
                                                   [Jateorhiza columba]
                                                   [Menispermum columba]
                                                   [Menispermum palmatum]
                                     <i>Junodia</i>
                                     <i>Kolobopetalum</i>
                                             <i>Kolobopetalum auriculatum</i>
                                                   [Kolobopetalum exauriculatum]
                                                   [Kolobopetalum salmonicolor]
                                                   [Kolobopetalum veitchianum]
                                             <i>Kolobopetalum chevalieri</i>
                                             <i>Kolobopetalum ovatum</i>
                                                   [Rhigiocarya chevalieri]
                                             <i>Kolobopetalum synsepalum</i>
                                     <i>Leptoterantha</i>
                                             <i>Leptoterantha mayumbensis</i>
                              Menispermoideae
                                     <i>Carronia</i>
                                             <i>Carronia protensa</i>
                                     <i>Diploclisia</i>
                                             <i>Diploclisia glaucescens</i>
                                     <i>Elissarrhena</i>
                                             <i>Elissarrhena solimoesana</i>
                                                   [Anomospermum froesii]
                                     <i>Legnephora</i>
                                             <i>Legnephora moorei</i>
                                     <i>Limacia</i>
                                     <i>Limaciopsis</i>
                                             <i>Limaciopsis loangensis</i>
                                     <i>Rhaptonema</i>
                                     <i>Rupertiella</i>
                                             <i>Rupertiella boliviana</i>
                                                   [Anomospermum bolivianum]
                                     <i>Strychnopsis</i>
                                             <i>Strychnopsis thouarsii</i>
                                     <i>Menispermum</i>
                                             <i>Menispermum canadense</i>
                                             <i>Menispermum carolinianum</i>
                                             <i>Menispermum dauricum</i>
                                                   [Menispermum dauricum var. pilosum]
                                             <i>Menispermum mexicanum</i>
                                     <i>Miersiophyton</i>
                                     <i>Nephroia</i>
                                             <i>Nephroia carolina</i>
                                                   [Cebatha carolina]
                                                   [Cocculus carolinus]
                                                   [Menispermum carolinum]
                                             <i>Nephroia orbiculata</i>
                                     <i>Odontocarya</i>
                                             <i>Odontocarya acuparata</i>
                                             <i>Odontocarya diplobotrya</i>
                                             <i>Odontocarya echinus</i>
                                             <i>Odontocarya emarginata</i>
                                             <i>Odontocarya floribunda</i>
                                             <i>Odontocarya mexicana</i>
                                             <i>Odontocarya micrantha</i>
                                             <i>Odontocarya monandra</i>
                                             <i>Odontocarya tamoides</i>
                                               <i>Odontocarya tamoides var. canescens</i>
                                               <i>Odontocarya tamoides var. tamoides</i>
                                             <i>Odontocarya tripetala</i>
                                             <i>Odontocarya truncata</i>
                                             <i>Odontocarya ulei</i>
                                     <i>Orthomene</i>
                                             <i>Orthomene schomburgkii</i>
                                                   [Anomospermum schomburgkii]
                                     <i>Pachygone</i>
                                             <i>Pachygone ovata</i>
                                             <i>Pachygone vitiensis</i>
                                     <i>Parabaena</i>
                                             <i>Parabaena megalocarpa</i>
                                     <i>Penianthus</i>
                                             <i>Penianthus camerounensis</i>
                                             <i>Penianthus longifolius</i>
                                                   [Penianthus fruticosus]
                                                   [Penianthus gossweileri]
                                                   [Penianthus klaineanus]
                                             <i>Penianthus patulinervis</i>
                                             <i>Penianthus zenkeri</i>
                                                   [Heptacyclum zenkeri]
                                     <i>Pericampylus</i>
                                             <i>Pericampylus glaucus</i>
                                                   [Pericampylus incanus]
                                     <i>Perichasma</i>
                                             <i>Perichasma laetificata</i>
                                               <i>Perichasma laetificata var. laetificata</i>
                                                     [Stephania laetificata]
                                               <i>Perichasma laetificata var. obovata</i>
                                             <i>Perichasma miersii</i>
                                     <i>Platytinospora</i>
                                             <i>Platytinospora buchholzii</i>
                                                   [Tinospora buchholzii]
                                               <i>Platytinospora buchholzii var. buchholzii</i>
                                               <i>Platytinospora buchholzii var. macrophylla</i>
                                     <i>Pycnarrhena</i>
                                             <i>Pycnarrhena longifolia</i>
                                             <i>Pycnarrhena lucida</i>
                                             <i>Pycnarrhena novoguineensis</i>
                                             <i>Pycnarrhena tumefacta</i>
                                                   [Pycnarrhena celebica]
                                                   [Pycnarrhena merrillii]
                                     <i>Pycnostylis</i>
                                     <i>Rhopalandria</i>
                                     <i>Sarcolophium</i>
                                             <i>Sarcolophium suberosum</i>
                                                   [Kolobopetalum minus]
                                                   [Kolobopetalum suberosum]
                                     <i>Sciadotenia</i>
                                             <i>Sciadotenia amazonica</i>
                                             <i>Sciadotenia brachypoda</i>
                                             <i>Sciadotenia eichleriana</i>
                                             <i>Sciadotenia nitida</i>
                                             <i>Sciadotenia pubistaminea</i>
                                             <i>Sciadotenia ramiflora</i>
                                             <i>Sciadotenia sagotiana</i>
                                             <i>Sciadotenia toxifera</i>
                                     <i>Sinomenium</i>
                                             <i>Sinomenium acutum</i>
                                               <i>Sinomenium acutum var. cinereum</i>
                                     <i>Somphoxylon</i>
                                     <i>Sphenocentrum</i>
                                             <i>Sphenocentrum jollyanum</i>
                                     <i>Stephania</i>
                                             <i>Stephania abyssinica</i>
                                                   [Menispermum schimperi]
                                                   [Stephania abyssinica var. pubescens]
                                                   [Stephania hernandifolia]
                                               <i>Stephania abyssinica var. abyssinica</i>
                                                     [Stephania fastosa]
                                                     [Stephania laevigata]
                                               <i>Stephania abyssinica var. tomentella</i>
                                                     [Cissampelos umbellata]
                                                     [Stephania abyssinica var. pilosa]
                                                     [Stephania hernandifolia var. pubescens]
                                                     [Stephania meyeriana]
                                                     [Stephania praelata]
                                             <i>Stephania cephalantha</i>
                                             <i>Stephania corymbosa</i>
                                                   [Stephania merrillii]
                                             <i>Stephania cyanantha</i>
                                             <i>Stephania dicentrinifera</i>
                                             <i>Stephania dinklagei</i>
                                                   [Cissampelos dinklagei]
                                                   [Stephania dinklagei var. axillaris]
                                             <i>Stephania elegans</i>
                                             <i>Stephania japonica</i>
                                               <i>Stephania japonica var. discolor</i>
                                               <i>Stephania japonica var. japonica</i>
                                               <i>Stephania japonica var. timorensis</i>
                                                     [Stephania forsteri]
                                             <i>Stephania longa</i>
                                             <i>Stephania mildbraedii</i>
                                             <i>Stephania rotunda</i>
                                                   [Stephania glabra]
                                             <i>Stephania sinica</i>
                                             <i>Stephania tetrandra</i>
                                     <i>Synandropus</i>
                                     <i>Synclisia</i>
                                             <i>Synclisia scabrida</i>
                                     <i>Syntriandrium</i>
                                             <i>Syntriandrium preussii</i>
                                                   [Syntriandrium cordatum]
                                                   [Syntriandrium dinklagei]
                                                   [Syntriandrium edentatum]
                                     <i>Syrrheonema</i>
                                             <i>Syrrheonema fasciculatum</i>
                                             <i>Syrrheonema hexastamineum</i>
                                             <i>Syrrheonema welwitschii</i>
                                                   [Syrrheonema boukokoense]
                                                   [Triclisia welwitschii]
                                     <i>Telitoxicum</i>
                                             <i>Telitoxicum krukovii</i>
                                             <i>Telitoxicum minutiflorum</i>
                                     <i>Tiliacora</i>
                                             <i>Tiliacora acuminata</i>
                                                   [Cocculus polycarpus]
                                                   [Tiliacora racemosa]
                                             <i>Tiliacora chrysobotrya</i>
                                                   [Tiliacora innularis]
                                                   [Tiliacora mayumbensis]
                                                   [Tiliacora tisserantii]
                                             <i>Tiliacora dinklagei</i>
                                             <i>Tiliacora ealaensis</i>
                                             <i>Tiliacora funifera</i>
                                                   [Tiliacora glycosmantha]
                                                   [Tiliacora johannis]
                                                   [Tiliacora pynaertii]
                                                   [Tiliacora troupinii]
                                                   [Tiliacora warneckei]
                                             <i>Tiliacora gabonensis</i>
                                             <i>Tiliacora gossweileri</i>
                                             <i>Tiliacora kenyensis</i>
                                             <i>Tiliacora klaineana</i>
                                                   [Glossopholis klaineana]
                                             <i>Tiliacora latifolia</i>
                                             <i>Tiliacora laurentii</i>
                                               <i>Tiliacora laurentii var. bequaertii</i>
                                                     [Tiliacora bequaertii]
                                               <i>Tiliacora laurentii var. laurentii</i>
                                             <i>Tiliacora lehmbachii</i>
                                             <i>Tiliacora leonardii</i>
                                             <i>Tiliacora leonensis</i>
                                                   [Synclisia leonensis]
                                                   [Tiliacora dielsiana]
                                             <i>Tiliacora louisii</i>
                                                   [Tiliacora polygyna]
                                             <i>Tiliacora macrophylla</i>
                                                   [Glossopholis macrophylla]
                                                   [Tiliacora soyauxii]
                                             <i>Tiliacora nigerica</i>
                                             <i>Tiliacora odorata</i>
                                             <i>Tiliacora ovalis</i>
                                     <i>Tinomiscium</i>
                                             <i>Tinomiscium petiolare</i>
                                                   [Tinomiscium philippinense]
                                     <i>Tinospora</i>
                                             <i>Tinospora arfakiana</i>
                                             <i>Tinospora bakis</i>
                                                   [Cocculus bakis]
                                             <i>Tinospora caffra</i>
                                                   [Desmonema caffra]
                                                   [Desmonema gossweileri]
                                                   [Desmonema mucronulatum]
                                                   [Desmonema pallido-aurantiaca]
                                                   [Desmonema schliebenii]
                                                   [Hyalosepalum caffrum]
                                                   [Hyalosepalum gossweileri]
                                                   [Hyalosepalum pallido-aurantiacum]
                                             <i>Tinospora cordifolia</i>
                                             <i>Tinospora crispa</i>
                                             <i>Tinospora dissitiflora</i>
                                             <i>Tinospora fragosa</i>
                                                   [Triclisia fragosa]
                                             <i>Tinospora glabra</i>
                                                   [Tinospora reticulata]
                                             <i>Tinospora homospala</i>
                                             <i>Tinospora merrilliana</i>
                                                   [Tinospora negrotica]
                                             <i>Tinospora mossambicensis</i>
                                                   [Desmonema mossambicense]
                                             <i>Tinospora oblongifolia</i>
                                                   [Desmonema oblongifolia]
                                             <i>Tinospora orophila</i>
                                             <i>Tinospora penninervifolia</i>
                                                   [Hyalosepalum penninervifolium]
                                             <i>Tinospora sinensis</i>
                                             <i>Tinospora tenera</i>
                                                   [Hyalosepalum tenerum]
                                     <i>Triclisia</i>
                                             <i>Triclisia angolensis</i>
                                             <i>Triclisia angustifolia</i>
                                             <i>Triclisia coriacea</i>
                                             <i>Triclisia dictyophylla</i>
                                                   [Tiliacora gilletii]
                                                   [Tiliacora trichantha]
                                                   [Triclisia semnophylla]
                                             <i>Triclisia gilletii</i>
                                                   [Triclisia flava]
                                             <i>Triclisia hypochrysea</i>
                                             <i>Triclisia lanceolata</i>
                                             <i>Triclisia louisii</i>
                                             <i>Triclisia macrophylla</i>
                                             <i>Triclisia patens</i>
                                             <i>Triclisia riparia</i>
                                             <i>Triclisia sacleuxii</i>
                                               <i>Triclisia sacleuxii var. ovalifolia</i>
                                               <i>Triclisia sacleuxii var. sacleuxii</i>
                                                     [Chondrodendron macrophyllum]
                                                     [Pycnostylis sacleuxii]
                                                     [Welwitschiina macrophylla]
                                             <i>Triclisia subcordata</i>
                                                   [Triclisia dielsii]
                                     <i>Welwitschiina</i>