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           [Tracheobionta]
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             [Angiospermae]
               Magnoliids
                    Piperales
                            <b>Piperaceae</b>
                                     <i>Anderssoniopiper</i>
                                     <i>Arctottonia</i>
                                             <i>Arctottonia stipulacea</i>
                                     <i>Artanthe</i>
                                     <i>Coccobryon</i>
                                     <i>Cubeba</i>
                                     <i>Heckeria</i>
                                     <i>Lepianthes</i>
                                             <i>Lepianthes peltata</i>
                                                   [Lepianthes umbellata]
                                                   [Piper peltatum]
                                                   [Piper umbellatum]
                                                   [Pothomorphe umbellata var. vestita]
                                                   [Pothomorphe umbellata]
                                     <i>Lindeniopiper</i>
                                             <i>Lindeniopiper williamsii</i>
                                     <i>Macropiper</i>
                                             <i>Macropiper excelsum</i>
                                               <i>Macropiper excelsum subsp. psittacorum</i>
                                                     [Macropiper excelsum var. majus]
                                             <i>Macropiper methysticum</i>
                                             <i>Macropiper puberulum</i>
                                                   [Macropiper puberulum f. glabrum]
                                                   [Piper macgillivrayi]
                                             <i>Macropiper timothianum</i>
                                     <i>Manekia</i>
                                             <i>Manekia incurva</i>
                                                   [Artanthe martinicae]
                                                   [Manekia sydowii]
                                                   [Piper incurvum]
                                                   [Sarcorhachis sydowii]
                                             <i>Manekia obtusa</i>
                                             <i>Manekia venezuelana</i>
                                                   [Sarcorhachis venezuelana]
                                     <i>Micropiper</i>
                                             <i>Micropiper humile</i>
                                             <i>Micropiper leptostachyon</i>
                                     <i>Mildea</i>
                                     <i>Ottonia</i>
                                             <i>Ottonia aguadana</i>
                                             <i>Ottonia lancifolia</i>
                                     <i>Peperomia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia abdita</i>
                                                   [Peperomia barbata var. puberula]
                                             <i>Peperomia abyssinica</i>
                                                   [Peperomia abyssinica var. stuhlmannii]
                                                   [Peperomia goetzeana]
                                                   [Peperomia rungwensis]
                                                   [Peperomia stuhlmannii]
                                             <i>Peperomia aceramarcana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia pseudosilvarum]
                                             <i>Peperomia aceroana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia acuminata</i>
                                                   [Peperomia basellifolia]
                                                   [Peperomia nemorosa]
                                                   [Peperomia pyrifolia]
                                                   [Piper basellifolium]
                                             <i>Peperomia adscendens</i>
                                                   [Peperomia casitana]
                                                   [Peperomia queserana]
                                                   [Peperomia sarcodes]
                                             <i>Peperomia adsurgens</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia agusanensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia alata</i>
                                                   [Peperomia alata var. angustifolia]
                                                   [Peperomia pterocaulis]
                                             <i>Peperomia albert-smithii</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia albert-smithii var. alipetiolata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia albidiflora</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia albispica</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia albovittata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia alpina</i>
                                                   [Peperomia durandii]
                                             <i>Peperomia alternifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia amnicola</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia amphitricha</i>
                                                   [Peperomia cerro-puntana]
                                             <i>Peperomia ampla</i>
                                                   [Peperomia macrandra var. ampla]
                                             <i>Peperomia amplexicaulis</i>
                                                   [Peperomia amplexicaulis var. swartziana]
                                             <i>Peperomia andrei</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia angustata</i>
                                                   [Peperomia longispicata]
                                                   [Peperomia wagneri]
                                               <i>Peperomia angustata var. santamartae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia antioquiensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia antoni</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia antoniana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia arboricola</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia arechavaletae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia areolata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia argumentosa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia argyreia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia arifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia armadana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia armondii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia arthurii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia asarifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia brevipeduncula var. major]
                                                   [Peperomia brevipeduncula]
                                                   [Peperomia heydei var. brevipeduncula]
                                                   [Peperomia heydei var. minor]
                                                   [Peperomia heydei]
                                                   [Peperomia pseudodependens]
                                                   [Peperomia riopoasensis var. subacaulescens]
                                                   [Peperomia riopoasensis]
                                             <i>Peperomia asperula</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia astyla</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia aurorana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia austin-smithii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia balansana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia bangroana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia nummularifolia]
                                                   [Piper nummularifolium]
                                             <i>Peperomia barbarana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia barbata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia baueriana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia bella</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia berlandieri</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia bernoullii</i>
                                                   [Peperomia izalcoana]
                                                   [Peperomia uphofii]
                                                   [Peperomia violifolia]
                                             <i>Peperomia bethaniana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia biamenta</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia bicolor</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia blanda</i>
                                                   [Peperomia ciliata]
                                                   [Peperomia japonica]
                                                   [Peperomia tortugana]
                                                   [Piper blandum]
                                               <i>Peperomia blanda var. floribunda</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia blanda var. langsdorffii</i>
                                                     [Peperomia langsdorffii]
                                             <i>Peperomia blephariphylla</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia boliviensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia boninsimensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia botterii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia brachypoda</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia bracteata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia bracteispica</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia brasiliensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia brevispica</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia brittonii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia brouetiana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia caespitosa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia calderoniae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia caliginigaudens</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia calimana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia calophylla</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia calvicaulis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia campinasana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia camptotricha</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia campylotropa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia candelaber</i>
                                                   [Peperomia lankesteri]
                                             <i>Peperomia caperata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia carpinterana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia dodgei]
                                             <i>Peperomia catharinae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cavispicata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ceroderma</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia chazaroi</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia chimantana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia choroniana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ciliaris</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ciliolibractea</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia circinnata</i>
                                                   [Peperomia desfontainesii]
                                             <i>Peperomia cladara</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia clavatispica</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia clavigera</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia claytonioides</i>
                                                   [Peperomia schizostachya]
                                                   [Peperomia sciaphila]
                                             <i>Peperomia clusiifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia coatzalcoalcosensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cobana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cocleana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cogniauxii</i>
                                                   [Peperomia crispipila]
                                                   [Peperomia trichocaulis]
                                             <i>Peperomia collinsii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia columnaris</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia congona</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia connixa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia conocarpa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia consoquitlana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cookiana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia cookiana var. flavinerva]
                                                   [Peperomia ovatilimba]
                                               <i>Peperomia cookiana var. flavinervia</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia cookiana var. minutilimba</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia cookiana var. ovatilimba</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia cookiana var. pukooana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cooperi</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia coquimbensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia corcovadensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cordata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cordifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cordigera</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cordovana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cordulata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cordulatiformis</i>
                                                   [Peperomia digitinervia]
                                             <i>Peperomia cornifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia coroicoensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia costaricensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cranwelliae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia crassicaulis</i>
                                                   [Peperomia percrassicaulis]
                                                   [Peperomia unguiculata]
                                             <i>Peperomia crispa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia crispipetiola</i>
                                                   [Peperomia tatamana]
                                             <i>Peperomia cruentata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cryptostachya</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cubensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cuchumatanica</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cumbreana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cumulicola</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cuneifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cupularis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cusilluyocana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cuspidata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia cyclophylla</i>
                                                   [Peperomia lenticularis]
                                             <i>Peperomia cymbifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia debilipes</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia decora</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia decora var. pilosa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia defoliata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia degeneri</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia delascioi</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia delicatula</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia dendrophila</i>
                                                   [Peperomia angularis]
                                                   [Peperomia leonardi]
                                                   [Peperomia montis-verticis]
                                                   [Peperomia novae-helvetiae]
                                                   [Peperomia simulatio]
                                             <i>Peperomia dependens</i>
                                                   [Peperomia opiziana]
                                             <i>Peperomia deppeana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia chucanebana]
                                                   [Peperomia imbricata]
                                                   [Peperomia polochicana]
                                                   [Peperomia rothschuhii]
                                                   [Peperomia standleyi]
                                             <i>Peperomia dextrolaeva</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia dindygulensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia discilimba</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia discolor</i>
                                                   [Piper swartzii]
                                             <i>Peperomia disparifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia distachya</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia distachyos</i>
                                                   [Peperomia antennifera]
                                             <i>Peperomia divaricata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia dolabriformis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia dominicana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia dominicana var. myriantha]
                                             <i>Peperomia donaguiana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia donaguiana var. longifilamentosa]
                                             <i>Peperomia dondonensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia dorstenioides</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia dotana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia drusophila</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia dryadum</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia dubia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia duendensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia duidana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia duricaulis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia dusenii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ebingeri</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia eburnea</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia eekana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia eggersii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia elata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia elatior</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ellipticibacca</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ellsworthii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia elmeri</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia elongata</i>
                                                   [Piper elongatum]
                                               <i>Peperomia elongata var. guianensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia emarginata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia emarginella</i>
                                                   [Peperomia delicatissima]
                                                   [Peperomia exigua]
                                                   [Peperomia exilis]
                                                   [Piper emarginellum]
                                             <i>Peperomia emarginulata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia emiliana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia staminea]
                                             <i>Peperomia enantiostachya</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia endlicheri</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia epidendron</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia epilobioides</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia erythroclada</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia erythroclada var. picta</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia erythropremna</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia esperanzana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia espinosae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia expallescens</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia expallescens var. brevipilosa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia faurieri</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia fawcettii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia fendleriana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia fernandeziana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia fernandopoiana</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia fernandopoiana var. butaguensis</i>
                                                     [Peperomia butaguensis]
                                                     [Peperomia crassifolia]
                                                     [Peperomia ruwenzoriensis]
                                               <i>Peperomia fernandopoiana var. fernandopoiana</i>
                                                     [Peperomia preussii]
                                                     [Peperomia staudtii]
                                             <i>Peperomia ferreyrae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia filicaulis</i>
                                                   [Peperomia flagellispica]
                                             <i>Peperomia filiformis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia flavida</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia floribunda</i>
                                                   [Peperomia miradoresiana]
                                             <i>Peperomia floridana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia fluviatilis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia foliosa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia foraminum</i>
                                                   [Peperomia perinduta]
                                             <i>Peperomia forbesii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia fragrans</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia fraseri</i>
                                                   [Peperomia resediflora]
                                             <i>Peperomia fruticetorum</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia fuertesii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia fuscipunctata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia galeottiana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia mexicana]
                                             <i>Peperomia galioides</i>
                                                   [Peperomia chillonensis]
                                                   [Peperomia gallitoensis]
                                                   [Peperomia garrapatilla]
                                                   [Peperomia guayabillosana]
                                                   [Peperomia medianiana]
                                                   [Peperomia redondoana]
                                             <i>Peperomia gardneriana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia gehrigeri</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia gemella</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia glabella</i>
                                                   [Peperomia buchii]
                                                   [Peperomia cattii]
                                                   [Peperomia caulibarbis var. jimenesana]
                                                   [Peperomia caulibarbis]
                                                   [Peperomia glabella var. nudipetiolata]
                                                   [Peperomia jimenesana]
                                                   [Peperomia pololensis]
                                                   [Peperomia quadrivii]
                                                   [Peperomia quiriguana]
                                                   [Peperomia rubefacta]
                                                   [Peperomia subbasellifolia]
                                                   [Peperomia taylorii]
                                               <i>Peperomia glabella var. melanostigma</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia glabella var. nervulosa</i>
                                                     [Peperomia conjungens]
                                               <i>Peperomia glabella var. nigropunctata</i>
                                                     [Peperomia nigropunctata]
                                             <i>Peperomia glaberrima</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia glareosa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia glazioui</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia gleicheniiformis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia globulanthera</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia glutinosa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia gorgonillana</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia gorgonillana var. hirsutula</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia gracillima</i>
                                                   [Peperomia parryana var. borealis]
                                                   [Peperomia parryana]
                                             <i>Peperomia granulosa</i>
                                                   [Peperomia dantoana]
                                                   [Peperomia perplexa]
                                                   [Peperomia rio-cangrejalensis]
                                             <i>Peperomia griggsii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia grisebachii</i>
                                                   [Peperomia floridensis]
                                             <i>Peperomia griseoargentea</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia guadaloupensis</i>
                                                   [Peperomia cubana]
                                                   [Peperomia cueroensis]
                                                   [Peperomia guadaloupensis var. pubescens]
                                                   [Peperomia oblanceolata var. glabra]
                                                   [Peperomia oblanceolata]
                                             <i>Peperomia guanensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia guapilesiana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia guatemalensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia gutierrezana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia guttulata</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia guttulata var. puberulenta</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia gymnophylla</i>
                                                   [Peperomia jilotepequeana]
                                             <i>Peperomia haematolepis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia hammelii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia harrisii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia hartwegiana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia haupuensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia hawaiensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia helleri</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia helleri var. grossa</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia helleri var. knudsenii</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia helleri var. subovata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia hernandiifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia choroniana var. puberulenta]
                                                   [Peperomia hernandifolia]
                                             <i>Peperomia hesperomannii</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia hesperomannii var. brevifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia heterodoxa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia heterophylla</i>
                                                   [Peperomia aggravescens]
                                                   [Peperomia mansericheana]
                                                   [Peperomia muralis]
                                                   [Peperomia rinconensis]
                                                   [Peperomia vulcanicola var. mansericheana]
                                                   [Peperomia vulcanicola]
                                             <i>Peperomia heterostachya</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia heyneana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia hilariana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia hintonii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia hirta</i>
                                                   [Peperomia antillarum]
                                                   [Peperomia cilibractea]
                                                   [Peperomia tenuinervis]
                                             <i>Peperomia hirtella</i>
                                                   [Peperomia allorgeana f. major]
                                                   [Peperomia allorgeana f. minor]
                                                   [Peperomia allorgeana]
                                                   [Peperomia bracteiflora]
                                                   [Peperomia herminieri var. stigmatifera]
                                                   [Peperomia herminieri]
                                             <i>Peperomia hirtellicaulis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia hirtipetiola</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia hirtipetiola var. longilimba</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia hispidula</i>
                                                   [Peperomia perhispidula var. glabrescens]
                                                   [Peperomia perhispidula]
                                                   [Peperomia skutchii]
                                                   [Peperomia woodsonii]
                                               <i>Peperomia hispidula var. sellowiana</i>
                                                     [Peperomia tenera]
                                             <i>Peperomia hispiduliformis</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia hispiduliformis var. hispiduliformis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia hobbitoides</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia hoffmannii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia hombronii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia huanucoana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia humilis</i>
                                                   [Peperomia mornicola]
                                                   [Peperomia pilipeduncula]
                                                   [Peperomia ramosa]
                                               <i>Peperomia humilis var. cumulicola</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia hydnostachya</i>
                                                   [Peperomia calvicaulis var. hydnostachya]
                                             <i>Peperomia hylophila</i>
                                                   [Peperomia cufodontii]
                                                   [Peperomia porschiana]
                                             <i>Peperomia hypoleuca</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia hypoleuca var. pluvigaudens</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ibiramana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ilaloensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia inaequalifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia atocongona]
                                             <i>Peperomia inaequalilimba</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia incana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia incisa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia infralutea</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia infravillosa</i>
                                                   [Peperomia montazosana]
                                             <i>Peperomia insularum</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia jaliscana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia jamaicana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia jamesoniana</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia jamesoniana var. longifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia kalihiana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia kamerunana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia kipahuluensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia klotzschiana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia klugiana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia kokeana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia koolauana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia kulensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia laeteviridis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia laevifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia lagunaensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia lanaoensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia lanceolata</i>
                                                   [Peperomia barbinodis]
                                                   [Peperomia chiqueroana]
                                                   [Peperomia rata]
                                             <i>Peperomia lanceolatopeltata</i>
                                                   [Peperomia bourgeaui]
                                                   [Peperomia chambesyana]
                                                   [Peperomia hispidorhachis]
                                                   [Peperomia tecticola var. muricola]
                                                   [Peperomia tecticola]
                                               <i>Peperomia lanceolatopeltata var. carlosiana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia lancifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia macrophylla]
                                             <i>Peperomia lancifolioidea</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia langlassei</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia latifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia latimerana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia leptophylla</i>
                                                   [Peperomia oajacensis]
                                             <i>Peperomia leptostachya</i>
                                                   [Peperomia arabica var. parvifolia]
                                                   [Peperomia arabica]
                                                   [Peperomia bequaertii]
                                                   [Peperomia blanda var. leptostachya]
                                                   [Peperomia brachytrichoides]
                                                   [Peperomia kyimbilana]
                                                   [Peperomia moerenhoutii]
                                             <i>Peperomia leucostachya</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia liebmannii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia lignescens</i>
                                                   [Peperomia carlosiana]
                                             <i>Peperomia ligustrina</i>
                                                   [Peperomia fauriei]
                                               <i>Peperomia ligustrina var. oopuolana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia lilifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia liliifolia</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia liliifolia var. honokahauana</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia liliifolia var. nudilimba</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia liliifolia var. obtusata</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia liliifolia var. psilostigma</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia limana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia lindeniana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia lorentzii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia loxensis</i>
                                                   [Peperomia diffusa]
                                             <i>Peperomia lundellii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia macraeana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia lilifolia var. obtusata]
                                             <i>Peperomia macrandra</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia macrostachya</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia macrostachyos</i>
                                                   [Peperomia apodostachya]
                                                   [Peperomia defluens]
                                                   [Peperomia glabricaulis]
                                                   [Peperomia oblongibacca]
                                                   [Peperomia parkeriana]
                                             <i>Peperomia macrothyrsa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia macrotricha</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia maculosa</i>
                                                   [Peperomia leridana]
                                                   [Peperomia septuplinervia]
                                                   [Peperomia suavis var. hondurensis]
                                                   [Peperomia tenebraegaudens]
                                             <i>Peperomia magnifoliiflora</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia magnoliifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia antoni f. fertilior]
                                                   [Peperomia antoni f. lutea]
                                                   [Peperomia antonii]
                                                   [Peperomia magnoliifolia var. brevirostrata]
                                                   [Peperomia palmae]
                                                   [Peperomia petenensis var. hondurensis]
                                                   [Peperomia romaensis]
                                                   [Peperomia yousei]
                                                   [Piper yousei]
                                               <i>Peperomia magnoliifolia magnoliifolia</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia magnoliifolia var. magnoliifolia</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia magnoliifolia var. microphylla</i>
                                                     [Peperomia commutata]
                                             <i>Peperomia mala</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia mameiana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia mandioccana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia mandonii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia mapulehuana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia maransara</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia mariannensis</i>
                                                   [Peperomia guamana]
                                             <i>Peperomia marmorata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia martiana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia amantlanensis]
                                                   [Peperomia defrenata]
                                                   [Peperomia reptabunda]
                                             <i>Peperomia matlalucaensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia mauiensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia maunakeana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia maxonii</i>
                                                   [Peperomia leonardi var. acuminata]
                                             <i>Peperomia maypurensis</i>
                                                   [Peperomia ornata]
                                             <i>Peperomia megalopoda</i>
                                                   [Peperomia megapoda]
                                             <i>Peperomia membranacea</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia membranacea var. brevifolia</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia membranacea var. puukukuiana</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia membranacea var. waimeana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia metallica</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia microphylla</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia microphyllophora</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia minarum</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia mishuyacana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia mixtifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia molithrix</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia molleri</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia molleri subsp. molleri</i>
                                                     [Peperomia fernandopoiana var. subopacifolia]
                                                     [Peperomia holstii]
                                                     [Peperomia magilensis]
                                                     [Peperomia stolzii]
                                               <i>Peperomia molleri subsp. ukagurensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia mollis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia montecristana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia monticola</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia moralesii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia moreliana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia muelleri</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia multiformis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia multispica</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia muscipara</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia muscophila</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia myrtifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia barthelemyana var. reducta]
                                                   [Peperomia barthelemyana]
                                                   [Peperomia broadwayi]
                                                   [Peperomia rupertiana var. rosetteana]
                                                   [Peperomia rupertiana]
                                             <i>Peperomia myrtillus</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia nandalana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia naranjoana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia chichulana]
                                                   [Peperomia floresensis]
                                                   [Peperomia luisana]
                                             <i>Peperomia neblinana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia negrosensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia nigro-ungulata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia nitida</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia nivalis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia nizaitoensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia nudicaulis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia oahuensis</i>
                                                   [Peperomia dextrilaeva]
                                                   [Peperomia lonchophylla]
                                                   [Peperomia oahuensis var. st.-johnii]
                                             <i>Peperomia obovalifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia obovatilimba</i>
                                                   [Peperomia rigidilimba]
                                             <i>Peperomia obscurifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia baileyae]
                                             <i>Peperomia obtusifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia cangrejalana]
                                                   [Peperomia lancetillana]
                                                   [Peperomia petenensis]
                                                   [Peperomia subgeminispica]
                                                   [Peperomia tithymaloides]
                                               <i>Peperomia obtusifolia var. alveolata</i>
                                                     [Peperomia alveolata]
                                               <i>Peperomia obtusifolia var. cuneata</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia obtusifolia var. emarginata</i>
                                                     [Piper emarginatum]
                                               <i>Peperomia obtusifolia var. obtusifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia obversa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ocoana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia oerstedii</i>
                                                   [Peperomia nievecitana]
                                             <i>Peperomia olivacea</i>
                                                   [Peperomia barbana]
                                                   [Peperomia bifrons]
                                                   [Peperomia copeyana]
                                                   [Peperomia novella]
                                                   [Peperomia substrigosa]
                                             <i>Peperomia ollantaitambona</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia opaca</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia oreophila</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia oscarii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ouabianae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ovatopeltata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia oxycarpa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia painteri</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pallida</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia palmana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia glabrior]
                                                   [Peperomia laesa]
                                                   [Peperomia manuelii]
                                                   [Peperomia nudinodis]
                                                   [Peperomia palmana var. valerionum]
                                                   [Peperomia quotifolia]
                                             <i>Peperomia parasitica</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia parastriata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia parvifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia parvulifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pasionana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pecuniifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pedicellata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pellucida</i>
                                                   [Micropiper exiguum]
                                                   [Peperomia knoblecheriana]
                                                   [Peperomia nana]
                                                   [Peperomia praetenuis]
                                                   [Peperomia triadophylla]
                                                   [Peperomia vogelii]
                                                   [Piper freireifolia]
                                                   [Verhuellia knoblocheriana]
                                               <i>Peperomia pellucida var. argentina</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pellucidopunctulata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia peltata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia peltifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia peltigera</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia peltilimba</i>
                                                   [Peperomia agitata]
                                                   [Peperomia otoni]
                                                   [Peperomia vegana]
                                             <i>Peperomia peltoidea</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia penicillata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pennellii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia perciliata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pereirae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pereskiifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia crassiuscula]
                                             <i>Peperomia perherbacea</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia perlongipes</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pernambucensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia perodiniana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia persulcata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia petiolaris</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia petrophila</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pichinchae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pilicaulis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pillahuatana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pittieri</i>
                                                   [Peperomia muscotecta]
                                             <i>Peperomia plinervata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia poasana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pololuana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia polystachya</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ponapensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia popayanensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia porriginifera</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia portobellensis</i>
                                                   [Peperomia caudulilimba]
                                                   [Peperomia riocangrejalensis]
                                             <i>Peperomia portoricensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia portulacoides</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia praeruptorum</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia praeteruentifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pringlei</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia proctorii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia producta</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia productamenta</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia propugnaculi</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pseudoalpina</i>
                                                   [Peperomia palmensis]
                                                   [Peperomia solisii]
                                             <i>Peperomia pseudoalternifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pseudoestrellensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pseudopereskiifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia friabilis]
                                                   [Peperomia jarisiana]
                                             <i>Peperomia pseudorhynchophora</i>
                                                   [Peperomia wrightiana]
                                             <i>Peperomia pseudovariegata</i>
                                                   [Peperomia sarcophylla]
                                               <i>Peperomia pseudovariegata var. sarcophylla</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia psilostachya</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pteroneura</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia puberulicaulis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia puberulilimba</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia puberulispica</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pubirhachis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia puerto-ospinana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pulicaris</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pullispica</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia punctulatissima</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia purpurinervis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia pyramidata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia quadrangularis</i>
                                                   [Peperomia angulata var. parvifolia]
                                                   [Peperomia angulata]
                                             <i>Peperomia quadratifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia quadrifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia cabaiana]
                                                   [Peperomia circulifolia var. flava]
                                                   [Peperomia circulifolia]
                                                   [Peperomia crassispica]
                                                   [Peperomia edulis]
                                                   [Peperomia luxii]
                                                   [Peperomia quadrifolia var. quadrifolia]
                                                   [Peperomia santa-rosana]
                                                   [Peperomia stenocaulis]
                                             <i>Peperomia quaesita</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia questeliana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia questionis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia radicosa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ramboi</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rapensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rechingerae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia reflexa</i>
                                                   <i>Peperomia reflexa f. americana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia reineckei</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia remyi</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia remyi var. waipioana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia repens</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia reptans</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia reptilis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia retusa</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia retusa var. retusa</i>
                                                     [Peperomia bachmannii]
                                                     [Peperomia bueana]
                                                     [Peperomia gracilipetiolata]
                                                     [Peperomia mannii]
                                                     [Peperomia retusa var. mannii]
                                                     [Peperomia subdichotoma]
                                                     [Peperomia ukingensis]
                                                     [Peperomia ulugurensis var. acutifolia]
                                                     [Peperomia ulugurensis var. diversifolia]
                                                     [Peperomia ulugurensis var. ukingensis]
                                                     [Peperomia ulugurensis]
                                                     [Peperomia usambarensis]
                                                     [Piper retusum]
                                             <i>Peperomia rhexiifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia martagonifolia]
                                                   [Peperomia tacticana]
                                             <i>Peperomia rhodophylla</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rhombea</i>
                                                   [Peperomia rubioides]
                                                   [Peperomia setosispica]
                                             <i>Peperomia rigidolimba</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rioblancoana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia robustior</i>
                                                   [Peperomia tenerrima f. robustior]
                                             <i>Peperomia rockii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rotundata</i>
                                                   [Peperomia olens]
                                               <i>Peperomia rotundata var. anomala</i>
                                                     [Peperomia anomala]
                                               <i>Peperomia rotundata var. rotundata</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia rotundata var. trinervula</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rotundifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia delicatissima var. venusta]
                                                   [Peperomia koepperi]
                                                   [Peperomia prostrata]
                                               <i>Peperomia rotundifolia var. pilosior</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia rotundifolia var. rotundifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rubens</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rubricaulis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rubripetiola</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rubrivenosa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rugosa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rupicola</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rupigaudens</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia rurrenabaqueana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia saligna</i>
                                                   [Peperomia aspergillus]
                                                   [Peperomia saligna var. majuscula]
                                             <i>Peperomia samoensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia san-carlosiana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia filispica]
                                             <i>Peperomia san-felipensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia san-joseana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia achoteana]
                                                   [Peperomia brachypus]
                                                   [Peperomia coarctata]
                                                   [Peperomia collocata]
                                                   [Peperomia incrassata]
                                                   [Peperomia pascuicola]
                                                   [Peperomia psiloclada var. magnifolia]
                                                   [Peperomia psiloclada]
                                                   [Peperomia siguatepequensis]
                                             <i>Peperomia sanbuenaventurana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia sancarlosiana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia yunckeri]
                                             <i>Peperomia sandemanii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia sandwicensis</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia sandwicensis var. robusta</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia santa-helenae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia santiagoana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia saxatilis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia saxicola</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia scandens</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia schizandra</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia seemanniana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia seibertii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia seleri</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia septemnervis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia septentrionalis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia serpens</i>
                                                   [Peperomia ionophylla]
                                             <i>Peperomia sessilifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia calvifolia]
                                             <i>Peperomia silvivaga</i>
                                                   [Peperomia panamensis var. brevibacca]
                                                   [Peperomia panamensis]
                                                   [Peperomia sanramonensis]
                                             <i>Peperomia simplex</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia sintenisii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia smithiana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia societatis</i>
                                                   [Peperomia raiateensis]
                                             <i>Peperomia socorronis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia spathophylla</i>
                                                   [Peperomia michelensis]
                                             <i>Peperomia spathulata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia spathulifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia stellata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia stilifera</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia striata</i>
                                                   [Peperomia frigidula]
                                                   [Peperomia helminthostachya]
                                                   [Peperomia huitzensis]
                                                   [Peperomia omnicola var. omnicola]
                                                   [Peperomia omnicola]
                                                   [Peperomia substriata]
                                             <i>Peperomia suaveolens</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia suavis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia subblanda</i>
                                                   [Peperomia hondoana]
                                                   [Peperomia johnstonii]
                                             <i>Peperomia subpetiolata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia subrotundifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia subrubrispica</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia subspathulata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia subvillicaulis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia succulenta</i>
                                                   [Peperomia castanoensis]
                                                   [Peperomia defracta]
                                                   [Peperomia diruptorum]
                                                   [Peperomia flagitans]
                                                   [Peperomia laudabilis]
                                                   [Peperomia stenophylla var. paradendrophila]
                                                   [Peperomia stenophylla]
                                                   [Peperomia yojoana]
                                             <i>Peperomia suchitanensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia sulcata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia sumichrastii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia suratana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia swartziana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia sympodialis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia syringifolia</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tacanana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia talinifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia talinifolia var. longipetiolata]
                                                   [Peperomia umbellifera]
                                             <i>Peperomia tancitaroana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tatei</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tenella</i>
                                                   [Peperomia tenella var. epiphytica]
                                                   [Peperomia tenella var. glabra]
                                               <i>Peperomia tenella var. tenella</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tenelliformis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tenerrima</i>
                                                   [Peperomia matagalpensis]
                                                   [Peperomia schiedeana]
                                             <i>Peperomia tenuicaulis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tenuifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia aguacatensis]
                                                   [Peperomia killipii]
                                             <i>Peperomia tenuimarginata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tenuipes</i>
                                                   [Peperomia coliblancoana]
                                                   [Peperomia condormiens]
                                                   [Peperomia inaudax]
                                                   [Peperomia sphagnicola]
                                                   [Peperomia tenella var. tyleri]
                                             <i>Peperomia tepoztecoana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tequendamana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ternata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tetragona</i>
                                                   [Peperomia puteolata]
                                             <i>Peperomia tetraphylla</i>
                                                   [Peperomia cartagoana]
                                                   [Peperomia chrysolepida]
                                                   [Peperomia opaca var. ciliata]
                                                   [Peperomia parvula]
                                                   [Peperomia reflexa var. angustifolia]
                                                   [Peperomia reflexa var. parvifolia]
                                                   [Peperomia tetraphylla f. protractifolia]
                                                   [Peperomia tetraphylla var. elongata]
                                                   [Peperomia tetraphylla var. parvifolia]
                                                   [Piper reflexum]
                                                   [Piper tetraphyllum]
                                               <i>Peperomia tetraphylla var. piedadeana</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia tetraphylla var. tenera</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia tetraphylla var. tetraphylla</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia theodori</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia thollonii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia thomeana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia vaccinifolia]
                                             <i>Peperomia tlapacoyensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tlapacoyoensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tominana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia fiebrigii]
                                             <i>Peperomia tovariana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia tovariana var. subcaespitosa]
                                             <i>Peperomia treleasei</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia trianae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia trichopus</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia trichostigma</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia trifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia balbisii]
                                                   [Peperomia fimbriata]
                                                   [Peperomia ovalifolia]
                                             <i>Peperomia trinervis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia trineura</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia trineuroides</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tristachya</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tropeoloides</i>
                                                   [Peperomia gazauntana]
                                                   [Peperomia villibacca]
                                             <i>Peperomia truncata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tsakiana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia tsakiana var. victoriana]
                                             <i>Peperomia tuberosa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tuerckheimii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tuisana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia matapalo]
                                                   [Peperomia pililimba]
                                             <i>Peperomia turboensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tutuilana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia tyleri</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia uaupesensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia umbilicata</i>
                                                   [Peperomia umbilicata var. macrophylla]
                                             <i>Peperomia umbrigaudens</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia urocarpa</i>
                                                   [Peperomia cataratasensis]
                                                   [Peperomia davisii]
                                                   [Peperomia fumeana var. stehlei]
                                                   [Peperomia fumeana]
                                                   [Peperomia major]
                                                   [Peperomia novae-hispaniae]
                                                   [Peperomia praecox]
                                                   [Peperomia tremuliformis]
                                             <i>Peperomia urocarpoides</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia ursina</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia urvilleana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia valladolidana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia vallensis</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia valliculae</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia velloziana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia velutina</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia velutina var. lanceolata</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia venabulifolia</i>
                                                   [Peperomia venabulifolia var. amplectens]
                                             <i>Peperomia venezueliana</i>
                                                   [Peperomia ernstiana]
                                                   [Peperomia longipes]
                                             <i>Peperomia venosa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia venulosa</i>
                                                   [Peperomia venulosa var. avenulosa]
                                             <i>Peperomia verschaffeltii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia versicolor</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia verticillata</i>
                                                   [Peperomia papulata]
                                                   [Peperomia rubella]
                                             <i>Peperomia vestita</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia villarrealii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia villilimba</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia villosa</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia vinasiana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia vincentiana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia viridispica</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia vueltasana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia vulcanica</i>
                                                   [Peperomia annobonensis]
                                                   [Peperomia hygrophila]
                                             <i>Peperomia waihoiana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia waikamoiana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia waipioana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia warmingii</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia wheeleri</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia yabucoana</i>
                                             <i>Peperomia zarzalana</i>
                                               <i>Peperomia ouabianae var. ouabianae</i>
                                                     [Peperomia herbert-smithii]
                              Peperomioideae
                                     <i>Piper</i>
                                             <i>Piper abajoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper abalienatum</i>
                                                   [Piper el-muletonum]
                                             <i>Piper abbreviatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper abutiloides</i>
                                             <i>Piper achoteanum</i>
                                                   [Piper pictamentum var. fluminis]
                                                   [Piper pictamentum]
                                                   [Piper yunckeri var. latum]
                                                   [Piper yunckeri]
                                             <i>Piper achotense</i>
                                             <i>Piper acutifolium</i>
                                                   [Piper mandonii]
                                             <i>Piper acutilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper acutiusculum</i>
                                             <i>Piper adamatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper adenandrum</i>
                                             <i>Piper adreptum</i>
                                             <i>Piper aduncum</i>
                                                   [Artanthe galeottii]
                                                   [Piper aducum]
                                                   [Piper aduncum var. brachyarthrum]
                                                   [Piper angustifolium var. ossanum]
                                                   [Piper martinicense]
                                                   [Piper multinervium var. flavicans]
                                                   [Piper multinervium var. hirsuticaule]
                                                   [Piper multinervium var. paralense]
                                                   [Piper multinervium var. peracutum]
                                                   [Piper multinervium var. productipes]
                                                   [Piper multinervium var. protractifolium]
                                                   [Piper multinervium var. puberulipedunculum]
                                                   [Piper multinervium var. pubescenticaule]
                                                   [Piper multinervium var. telanum]
                                                   [Piper nonconformans]
                                                   [Piper ossanum]
                                                   [Piper subrectinerve]
                                               <i>Piper aduncum subsp. aduncum</i>
                                               <i>Piper aduncum var. aduncum</i>
                                               <i>Piper aduncum var. cordulatum</i>
                                                     [Piper guanaianum]
                                             <i>Piper aequale</i>
                                                   [Piper aequale var. hirtinervulum]
                                                   [Piper aequale var. lasiocarpum]
                                                   [Piper atrichopus]
                                                   [Piper epilosipes]
                                                   [Piper ibaguense]
                                                   [Piper paso-anchoense]
                                                   [Piper santa-martanum]
                                               <i>Piper aequale var. santamartanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper aereum</i>
                                             <i>Piper aeruginosibaccum</i>
                                                   [Piper nitidulilaminum]
                                                   [Piper triumphale]
                                             <i>Piper affectans</i>
                                             <i>Piper agellifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper aguadulcense</i>
                                             <i>Piper agusanense</i>
                                             <i>Piper alatabaccum</i>
                                             <i>Piper albert-smithii</i>
                                             <i>Piper albidiflorum</i>
                                             <i>Piper aleyreanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper allisum</i>
                                             <i>Piper alnoides</i>
                                             <i>Piper amalago</i>
                                                   [Piper amalago var. medium]
                                                   [Piper calvescens]
                                                   [Piper cobanense var. sarculatum]
                                                   [Piper cobanense]
                                                   [Piper comayaguanum]
                                                   [Piper diguetii]
                                                   [Piper gracillimum]
                                                   [Piper hispaniolae]
                                                   [Piper lundellii]
                                                   [Piper richardianum var. glabrifolium]
                                                   [Piper richardianum]
                                                   [Piper siguatepequense]
                                                   [Piper vaccinum]
                                               <i>Piper amalago var. nigrinodum</i>
                                                     [Piper nigrinodum]
                                             <i>Piper amphioxys</i>
                                                   [Piper amphioxys var. laurifolium]
                                             <i>Piper amplum</i>
                                             <i>Piper andreanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper andresense</i>
                                             <i>Piper angustifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper angustilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper anisophyllum</i>
                                                   [Piper anisophyllum var. granulatum]
                                                   [Piper dilatatum var. acutifolium]
                                             <i>Piper anisum</i>
                                             <i>Piper anonifolium</i>
                                                   <i>Piper anonifolium f. parvifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper anostachyum</i>
                                             <i>Piper antioquiense</i>
                                             <i>Piper apertum</i>
                                             <i>Piper arborescens</i>
                                             <i>Piper arboreum</i>
                                                   [Piper arboreum subsp. arboreum]
                                                   [Piper macrophyllum]
                                                   [Piper microphyllum]
                                               <i>Piper arboreum subsp. hirtellum</i>
                                                     [Piper obumbratum]
                                               <i>Piper arboreum subsp. holguinianum</i>
                                                     [Piper holguinianum]
                                               <i>Piper arboreum subsp. tuberculatum</i>
                                               <i>Piper arboreum var. arboreum</i>
                                               <i>Piper arboreum var. giganteum</i>
                                               <i>Piper arboreum var. hirtellum</i>
                                                     [Piper luschnathianum]
                                               <i>Piper arboreum var. latifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper arborioccupans</i>
                                             <i>Piper arcteacuminatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper arcuatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper argentamentum</i>
                                             <i>Piper aristolochioides</i>
                                             <i>Piper armatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper artanthe</i>
                                                   [Piper carolinanum]
                                             <i>Piper artanthopse</i>
                                                   [Piper oerstedii]
                                             <i>Piper articulatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper articulosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper aserrianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper asperifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper asperiusculum</i>
                                                   [Piper asperiusculum var. glabricaule]
                                             <i>Piper asterostigmum</i>
                                             <i>Piper asterotrichum</i>
                                             <i>Piper asymmetricum</i>
                                             <i>Piper atrobaccum</i>
                                             <i>Piper atropremnon</i>
                                             <i>Piper augustum</i>
                                               <i>Piper augustum var. cocleanum</i>
                                                     [Piper gatunense var. cocleanum]
                                                     [Piper gatunense var. latum]
                                                     [Piper gatunense]
                                               <i>Piper augustum var. pubinerve</i>
                                             <i>Piper auriculifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper aurilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper auritifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper auritum</i>
                                                   [Piper auritilaminum]
                                                   [Piper auritilimbum]
                                                   [Piper auritum var. amplifolium]
                                                   [Piper heraldi var. amplius]
                                                   [Piper heraldi var. cocleanum]
                                                   [Piper heraldi]
                                             <i>Piper austinii</i>
                                             <i>Piper austromexicanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper avellanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper baccans</i>
                                             <i>Piper baccatum</i>
                                                   [Piper firmum]
                                             <i>Piper baezanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper baezense</i>
                                             <i>Piper baguionum</i>
                                             <i>Piper bakeri</i>
                                             <i>Piper bakerianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper bangii</i>
                                             <i>Piper barbatum</i>
                                               <i>Piper barbatum var. andicolum</i>
                                             <i>Piper barbicuspe</i>
                                             <i>Piper barbirostre</i>
                                             <i>Piper barriosense</i>
                                             <i>Piper bartlingianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper basegibbosum</i>
                                                   [Arctottonia pittieri]
                                             <i>Piper begoniicolor</i>
                                               <i>Piper begoniicolor var. lobatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper bellidifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper bellum</i>
                                             <i>Piper belterraense</i>
                                             <i>Piper bennettianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper berlandieri</i>
                                             <i>Piper berteroanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper betel</i>
                                             <i>Piper betle</i>
                                                   [Piper densum]
                                             <i>Piper biauritum</i>
                                             <i>Piper bicolor</i>
                                             <i>Piper biritak</i>
                                             <i>Piper bisasperatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper biseriatum</i>
                                                   [Piper longevillosum]
                                                   [Piper quebradense]
                                                   [Piper sanrafaelense]
                                             <i>Piper blattarum</i>
                                             <i>Piper boehmeriifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper bogotense</i>
                                               <i>Piper bogotense var. ovalilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper bolivaranum</i>
                                             <i>Piper bolivianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper boquetense</i>
                                             <i>Piper boquianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper borbonense</i>
                                                   [Piper pyrifolium]
                                             <i>Piper bourgeaui</i>
                                             <i>Piper brachypetiolatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper brachypodon</i>
                                             <i>Piper brachypus</i>
                                             <i>Piper brachystachyum</i>
                                             <i>Piper brachystylum</i>
                                             <i>Piper bradei</i>
                                             <i>Piper brasiliense</i>
                                                   [Piper circumspectantis]
                                             <i>Piper bredemeyeri</i>
                                                   [Piper alveolatifolium]
                                                   [Piper faviculiferum]
                                                   [Piper villibracteum]
                                             <i>Piper brenesii</i>
                                             <i>Piper breve</i>
                                                   [Piper breve var. bellae-vistae]
                                             <i>Piper breviamentum</i>
                                             <i>Piper brevicuspe</i>
                                             <i>Piper brevilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper brevipedicellatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper brevistylum</i>
                                             <i>Piper brisasense</i>
                                             <i>Piper buchii</i>
                                             <i>Piper bullosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cabagranum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cabaianum</i>
                                               <i>Piper cabaianum var. obliquifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper cabralanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cachimboense</i>
                                             <i>Piper cajambrense</i>
                                             <i>Piper calcaratum</i>
                                             <i>Piper calcariforme</i>
                                             <i>Piper calceolarium</i>
                                             <i>Piper caldasianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper caldense</i>
                                             <i>Piper caliendriferum</i>
                                             <i>Piper callibracteum</i>
                                             <i>Piper callosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper calocoma</i>
                                             <i>Piper calophyllum</i>
                                             <i>Piper calvirameum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cambessedesii</i>
                                             <i>Piper campanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper camptostachys</i>
                                                   [Piper camptostachys var. cuabanum]
                                             <i>Piper canaliculum</i>
                                             <i>Piper candelarianum</i>
                                                   [Piper candelarianum var. latifolium]
                                             <i>Piper caninum</i>
                                                   [Piper marivelesanum]
                                                   [Piper merrittii]
                                                   [Piper negrosense]
                                                   [Piper obovatibracteum]
                                             <i>Piper capacibracteum</i>
                                             <i>Piper capense</i>
                                               <i>Piper capense var. brachyrhachis</i>
                                                     [Piper brachyrhachis]
                                               <i>Piper capense var. capense</i>
                                                     [Coccobryon capense]
                                                     [Piper bequaertii]
                                                     [Piper emirnense]
                                                     [Piper sacleuxii]
                                                     [Piper trichopodum]
                                                     [Piper volkensii f. crassiusculum]
                                                     [Piper volkensii f. eucordatum]
                                                     [Piper volkensii f. ovatum]
                                                     [Piper volkensii]
                                             <i>Piper captum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cararense</i>
                                             <i>Piper carautensei</i>
                                             <i>Piper carpinteranum</i>
                                             <i>Piper carpunya</i>
                                             <i>Piper carrilloanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cartagoanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper casapiense</i>
                                             <i>Piper casimiranum</i>
                                                   [Piper paulowniifolium]
                                             <i>Piper castroanum</i>
                                                   [Piper thomasii]
                                             <i>Piper caucaense</i>
                                             <i>Piper cayoense</i>
                                                   [Piper tikalense]
                                             <i>Piper ceanothifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper ceibense</i>
                                             <i>Piper celtidiforme</i>
                                                   [Piper corylistachyon]
                                             <i>Piper cenocladum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cernuum</i>
                                                   [Piper cabellense]
                                                   [Piper gigantifolium]
                                               <i>Piper cernuum var. cernuum</i>
                                             <i>Piper chaba</i>
                                             <i>Piper chamissonis</i>
                                             <i>Piper chanekii</i>
                                             <i>Piper changuinolanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper chavicoides</i>
                                             <i>Piper cheyennense</i>
                                             <i>Piper chiadoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper chimborazoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper chimonanthifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper chinantlense</i>
                                             <i>Piper chiquihuitense</i>
                                             <i>Piper chiriquinum</i>
                                             <i>Piper chirripoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper choapamense</i>
                                             <i>Piper christyi</i>
                                             <i>Piper chrysostachyum</i>
                                                   [Piper tacaresense]
                                             <i>Piper chuarense</i>
                                                   [Trianaeopiper haughtii]
                                             <i>Piper churruyacoanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cicatriculosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cihuatlanense</i>
                                             <i>Piper ciliatifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper cincinnatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cinereum</i>
                                             <i>Piper citrifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper claseanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper coariense</i>
                                             <i>Piper cobarianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper coccoloboides</i>
                                             <i>Piper cocornanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cocquericotense</i>
                                             <i>Piper coilostachyum</i>
                                                   [Piper ducis]
                                             <i>Piper colaphitolerans</i>
                                             <i>Piper colipanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper colon-insulae</i>
                                             <i>Piper colonense</i>
                                                   [Piper petens]
                                                   [Piper puente-altoanum]
                                                   [Piper rinconense]
                                             <i>Piper colotlipanense</i>
                                             <i>Piper colubrinum</i>
                                             <i>Piper comatum</i>
                                                   [Piper hirsutum var. longepilosum]
                                             <i>Piper come</i>
                                             <i>Piper commutatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper comptonii</i>
                                             <i>Piper concinnifolium</i>
                                                   [Piper crispans]
                                             <i>Piper concinnum</i>
                                             <i>Piper condotoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper confusum</i>
                                                   [Piper confusum var. prendanum]
                                                   [Piper eocenicum]
                                                   [Piper jamaoanum]
                                                   [Piper ocoanum]
                                                   [Piper pseudoconfusum]
                                             <i>Piper conispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper consanguineum</i>
                                             <i>Piper constanzanum</i>
                                                   [Piper tenuiamentum var. constanzanum]
                                             <i>Piper coralfalgense</i>
                                             <i>Piper corcovadense</i>
                                                   [Ottonia corcovadensis]
                                                   [Ottonia propinqua]
                                             <i>Piper corcovadensis</i>
                                             <i>Piper cordatilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cordoncillo</i>
                                             <i>Piper cordovanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cordulatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper coriaceilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cornifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper coronanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper corozalanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper corpulentispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper corrugatum</i>
                                                   [Piper nemorense]
                                             <i>Piper coruscans</i>
                                                   [Piper amazonicum]
                                                   [Piper orenocanum]
                                                   [Piper tingens]
                                               <i>Piper coruscans var. membranaceum</i>
                                             <i>Piper costaricense</i>
                                             <i>Piper costatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper crassinervium</i>
                                                   [Piper dumetorum]
                                                   [Piper exserens]
                                                   [Piper novae-helvetiae]
                                                   [Piper pseudopropinquum]
                                                   [Piper rufescens]
                                             <i>Piper crassipes</i>
                                                   [Piper pedicellosum]
                                             <i>Piper crenulatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cristinanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper crocatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cryptopodon</i>
                                             <i>Piper cuasianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cubataonum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cubeba</i>
                                             <i>Piper cubilquitzianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cufodontii</i>
                                             <i>Piper culebranum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cumbotianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper curridabatanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper curtifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper curtirachis</i>
                                             <i>Piper curtispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper curtistilum</i>
                                             <i>Piper curvatipes</i>
                                             <i>Piper cuspidatum</i>
                                                   [Piper laeteviride]
                                             <i>Piper cuspidilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cuspidispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cuyabanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cyanophyllum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cyphophyllopse</i>
                                             <i>Piper cyphophyllum</i>
                                             <i>Piper cyprium</i>
                                             <i>Piper cyrtopodon</i>
                                             <i>Piper cyrtostachys</i>
                                             <i>Piper daguanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper daniel-gonzalezii</i>
                                             <i>Piper darienense</i>
                                                   [Piper fagopyricarpum]
                                             <i>Piper dasyoura</i>
                                             <i>Piper dasypogon</i>
                                             <i>Piper davaoense</i>
                                                   [Piper laxirameum]
                                             <i>Piper davidianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper davidsonii</i>
                                             <i>Piper dawsonii</i>
                                             <i>Piper deamii</i>
                                                   [Piper deamii var. yojoanum]
                                                   [Piper decrescens var. ovatum]
                                             <i>Piper debilicaule</i>
                                             <i>Piper decipiens</i>
                                                   [Piper teapense]
                                             <i>Piper decorticans</i>
                                             <i>Piper decrescens</i>
                                                   [Piper realgoanum]
                                             <i>Piper decumanum</i>
                                               <i>Piper decumanum var. paluense</i>
                                             <i>Piper decurrens</i>
                                             <i>Piper decurtispicum</i>
                                                   [Trianaeopiper garciae var. decurtispicum]
                                             <i>Piper deductum</i>
                                                   [Piper opinatum]
                                             <i>Piper delectans</i>
                                             <i>Piper delicatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper demeraranum</i>
                                                   [Piper aripoense]
                                               <i>Piper demeraranum var. rubescens</i>
                                             <i>Piper dendrophilum</i>
                                             <i>Piper dennisii</i>
                                             <i>Piper densiciliatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper depressibaccum</i>
                                                   [Piper luteobaccum]
                                             <i>Piper descourtilsianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper diandrum</i>
                                             <i>Piper dichotomum</i>
                                             <i>Piper dichroostachyum</i>
                                             <i>Piper diffamatum</i>
                                               <i>Piper diffamatum var. favifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper dilatatum</i>
                                                   [Piper diazanum]
                                                   [Piper dilatatum var. vincentianum]
                                                   [Piper eggersii]
                                                   [Piper grahamii]
                                                   [Piper guayranum]
                                                   [Piper ignacioanum]
                                                   [Piper obiter-sericeum]
                                                   [Piper readii]
                                                   [Piper tabernillanum]
                                                   [Piper tobagoanum]
                                                   [Schilleria ulmifolia]
                                             <i>Piper dimorphophyllum</i>
                                             <i>Piper diospyrifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper diquisanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper discolor</i>
                                             <i>Piper disjunctum</i>
                                             <i>Piper dissimulans</i>
                                                   [Piper venulosum]
                                             <i>Piper distichum</i>
                                             <i>Piper distigmatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper divaricatum</i>
                                                   [Piper insipiens]
                                                   [Piper tumidicondyli]
                                             <i>Piper dodsonii</i>
                                             <i>Piper dolichotrichum</i>
                                             <i>Piper donnell-smithii</i>
                                             <i>Piper dotanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper dryadum</i>
                                             <i>Piper dumeticola</i>
                                             <i>Piper dumosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper dunlapii</i>
                                             <i>Piper dussii</i>
                                                   [Piper latilimbum]
                                                   [Pothomorphe dussii]
                                             <i>Piper echinocaule</i>
                                             <i>Piper ecuadorense</i>
                                             <i>Piper ellipticolanceolatum</i>
                                                   [Piper percome]
                                             <i>Piper ellsworthii</i>
                                             <i>Piper elmeri</i>
                                             <i>Piper emancipationis</i>
                                                   [Piper emancipationis var. longum]
                                             <i>Piper enganyanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper entradense</i>
                                             <i>Piper epigynium</i>
                                             <i>Piper erecticaule</i>
                                             <i>Piper erectum</i>
                                             <i>Piper eriocladum</i>
                                             <i>Piper eriopodon</i>
                                                   [Piper leptophyllum]
                                             <i>Piper erubescentispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper euryphyllum</i>
                                                   [Piper triseriale]
                                             <i>Piper evasum</i>
                                             <i>Piper ewanii</i>
                                             <i>Piper exactum</i>
                                             <i>Piper excelsum</i>
                                             <i>Piper exiguicaule</i>
                                             <i>Piper fadyenii</i>
                                                   [Piper otophyllum]
                                             <i>Piper falanense</i>
                                             <i>Piper falcifolium</i>
                                                   [Piper arboreum var. falcifolium]
                                             <i>Piper fallens</i>
                                             <i>Piper faroense</i>
                                             <i>Piper filistilum</i>
                                                   [Trianaeopiper garciae]
                                             <i>Piper fimbriulatum</i>
                                                   [Piper cooperi]
                                             <i>Piper fischerianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper flagellicuspe</i>
                                             <i>Piper flavicans</i>
                                             <i>Piper flaviramum</i>
                                             <i>Piper formicitolerans</i>
                                                   [Piper nemori-marginis]
                                             <i>Piper forstenii</i>
                                             <i>Piper fortunaense</i>
                                             <i>Piper fortunyoanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper fragile</i>
                                                   [Piper trukense]
                                             <i>Piper fraguanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper francovilleanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper friedrichsthalii</i>
                                                   [Piper goergeri]
                                             <i>Piper frijolesanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper frioense</i>
                                             <i>Piper frostii</i>
                                             <i>Piper fuertesii</i>
                                             <i>Piper fuligineum</i>
                                             <i>Piper fulvescens</i>
                                             <i>Piper futokadsura</i>
                                             <i>Piper futuri</i>
                                             <i>Piper gamboanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper garagaranum</i>
                                                   [Piper conceptum]
                                             <i>Piper gaudichaudianum</i>
                                               <i>Piper gaudichaudianum var. gaudichaudianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper gaumeri</i>
                                             <i>Piper generalense</i>
                                                   [Piper marginatibaccum]
                                             <i>Piper geniculatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper gentlei</i>
                                             <i>Piper genuflexum</i>
                                             <i>Piper georginum</i>
                                             <i>Piper gibbilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper gibbosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper glabellum</i>
                                             <i>Piper glabratum</i>
                                             <i>Piper glabrescens</i>
                                                   [Piper quentinii]
                                               <i>Piper glabrescens var. caparonum</i>
                                               <i>Piper glabrescens var. venezuelense</i>
                                                     [Piper venezuelense]
                                             <i>Piper glabribaccum</i>
                                             <i>Piper glabribracteum</i>
                                             <i>Piper glabrifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper glanduligerum</i>
                                             <i>Piper glandulosissimum</i>
                                             <i>Piper globosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper graefeii</i>
                                             <i>Piper graeffei</i>
                                             <i>Piper grande</i>
                                                   [Piper borucanum]
                                                   [Piper marmoreum]
                                             <i>Piper grandifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper grandilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper grantii</i>
                                             <i>Piper griffithii</i>
                                             <i>Piper griseopubens</i>
                                             <i>Piper guahamense</i>
                                             <i>Piper guanacostense</i>
                                             <i>Piper guatemalense</i>
                                                   [Piper minarum]
                                             <i>Piper guazacapanense</i>
                                             <i>Piper guineense</i>
                                                   [Cubeba clusii]
                                                   [Piper clusii]
                                                   [Piper famechonii]
                                                   [Piper guineense var. clusii]
                                                   [Piper guineense var. congolense]
                                                   [Piper guineense var. gilletii]
                                                   [Piper guineense var. thomeanum]
                                                   [Piper guineense var. velutinum]
                                                   [Piper laurentii]
                                                   [Piper leonense]
                                             <i>Piper haenkeanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper hainanense</i>
                                             <i>Piper halconense</i>
                                             <i>Piper hancei</i>
                                             <i>Piper hartwegianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper hastularum</i>
                                             <i>Piper haughtii</i>
                                             <i>Piper hayneanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper hebetifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper hederaceum</i>
                                                   [Piper novae-hollandiae]
                                             <i>Piper heptandrum</i>
                                             <i>Piper hermannii</i>
                                             <i>Piper hermes</i>
                                             <i>Piper hernandiifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper heterophyllum</i>
                                                   [Piper elliptico-oblongifolium]
                                             <i>Piper heterotrichum</i>
                                               <i>Piper heterotrichum var. porrectifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper heydei</i>
                                             <i>Piper hians</i>
                                             <i>Piper hieronymi</i>
                                             <i>Piper hirtellipetiolum</i>
                                               <i>Piper hirtellipetiolum var. harveyanum</i>
                                                     [Piper perfugii]
                                                     [Piper subtrinerve]
                                             <i>Piper hispidum</i>
                                                   [Piper adornatispicum]
                                                   [Piper alluvicola]
                                                   [Piper amnigaudens]
                                                   [Piper aspericaule]
                                                   [Piper casitense]
                                                   [Piper cerro-puntoense]
                                                   [Piper cinereoramulum]
                                                   [Piper hirsutum]
                                                   [Piper hispidiseptum]
                                                   [Piper hispidum var. obliquum]
                                                   [Piper imperspicuibracteum]
                                                   [Piper konkintoense]
                                                   [Piper lancetillanum]
                                                   [Piper meritum]
                                                   [Piper obsessum]
                                                   [Piper paranapuranum]
                                                   [Piper perspicuibracteum]
                                                   [Piper pervicax]
                                                   [Piper phaeophyllum]
                                                   [Piper platannanum]
                                                   [Piper prodigum]
                                                   [Piper roseovenulosum]
                                                   [Piper scabricaule]
                                                   [Piper scabrilimbum]
                                                   [Piper scabriseptum var. reductum]
                                                   [Piper scabriseptum]
                                                   [Piper scabrum var. kalacroixense]
                                                   [Piper scabrum]
                                                   [Piper speratum]
                                                   [Piper virgulticola]
                                                   [Piper yoroanum]
                                                   <i>Piper hispidum f. hispidum</i>
                                                   <i>Piper hispidum f. lanceolatum</i>
                                               <i>Piper hispidum var. hispidum</i>
                                               <i>Piper hispidum var. lanceolatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper hoffmannseggianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper holdridgeanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper holtonii</i>
                                             <i>Piper hongkongense</i>
                                                   [Piper puberulum]
                                             <i>Piper hostmannianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper huigranum</i>
                                             <i>Piper humile</i>
                                             <i>Piper humoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper hymenophyllum</i>
                                             <i>Piper hypoleucum</i>
                                             <i>Piper ilheusense</i>
                                             <i>Piper imberbe</i>
                                             <i>Piper immutatum</i>
                                                   [Piper archidonense]
                                                   [Piper meraense]
                                             <i>Piper imparipes</i>
                                             <i>Piper imperiale</i>
                                                   [Piper frijolesanum var. grandifolium]
                                                   [Piper gigas]
                                                   [Piper guayasanum]
                                             <i>Piper inaequale</i>
                                                   [Piper amapense]
                                             <i>Piper incanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper indecorum</i>
                                             <i>Piper indianonum</i>
                                             <i>Piper insectifugum</i>
                                                   [Piper austrocaledonicum]
                                                   [Piper melula]
                                             <i>Piper instabilipes</i>
                                             <i>Piper interruptum</i>
                                                   [Piper loheri]
                                             <i>Piper intonsum</i>
                                             <i>Piper iquitosense</i>
                                             <i>Piper irazuanum</i>
                                                   [Piper pelliticaule]
                                             <i>Piper itayanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper ixocubvainense</i>
                                             <i>Piper jacquemontianum</i>
                                                   [Piper actae]
                                                   [Piper allatum]
                                                   [Piper arenicola]
                                                   [Piper dedititium]
                                                   [Piper evulsipilosum]
                                                   [Piper nitidulifolium]
                                                   [Piper onerosum]
                                                   [Piper paludicola]
                                                   [Piper panamense]
                                                   [Piper praeterlatum]
                                                   [Piper preslii]
                                                   [Piper sagax]
                                                   [Piper vexans]
                                             <i>Piper jactatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper jalapense</i>
                                                   [Piper pseudojalapense]
                                             <i>Piper jaliscanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper javariense</i>
                                             <i>Piper jericoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper jumayense</i>
                                             <i>Piper kadsura</i>
                                                   [Piper arboricola]
                                             <i>Piper kantetulense</i>
                                             <i>Piper karwinskianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper kawakamii</i>
                                             <i>Piper kelleyi</i>
                                             <i>Piper kerberi</i>
                                                   [Piper subcitrifolium]
                                             <i>Piper klugianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper korthalsii</i>
                                             <i>Piper krukoffii</i>
                                             <i>Piper kunthii</i>
                                             <i>Piper kurzii</i>
                                             <i>Piper kwashoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper lacunosum</i>
                                                   [Piper lacunosum var. angustifolium]
                                                   [Piper lacunosum var. glabricaule]
                                             <i>Piper ladrillense</i>
                                             <i>Piper laetispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper laevifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper laevigatum</i>
                                                   [Piper enckea]
                                             <i>Piper laevilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper lagenaebaccum</i>
                                             <i>Piper lageniovarium</i>
                                             <i>Piper lagoaense</i>
                                             <i>Piper laguna-cochanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper lamarckianum</i>
                                                   [Piper sylvestre]
                                             <i>Piper lamasense</i>
                                             <i>Piper lambeauense</i>
                                             <i>Piper lanatum</i>
                                                   [Piper banksii]
                                             <i>Piper lanceifolium</i>
                                                   [Piper alveatum]
                                                   [Piper lanceaefolium var. latifolium]
                                                   [Piper lanceifolium var. latifolium]
                                                   [Piper liratinerve]
                                                   [Piper pseudolanceifolium]
                                             <i>Piper lanceolatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper lanciferum</i>
                                             <i>Piper lancilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper lapathifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper latibracteum</i>
                                             <i>Piper latifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper laurifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper lechlerianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper lehmannianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper lenticellosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper leptocladum</i>
                                             <i>Piper leptoneuron</i>
                                             <i>Piper leptostachyon</i>
                                             <i>Piper leptostachyum</i>
                                             <i>Piper lepturum</i>
                                                   [Piper lucaeanum var. grandifolium]
                                                   [Piper lucaeanum]
                                               <i>Piper lepturum var. angustifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper lessertianum</i>
                                                   [Piper oblongibaccum]
                                             <i>Piper leticianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper leucophaeum</i>
                                             <i>Piper leucophyllum</i>
                                                   [Piper pringlei]
                                             <i>Piper lhotzkyanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper liebmannii</i>
                                             <i>Piper lincolnense</i>
                                             <i>Piper lindbergii</i>
                                             <i>Piper lindenianum</i>
                                                   [Ottonia punctata]
                                                   [Piper clementis]
                                                   [Piper cubense]
                                             <i>Piper lindenii</i>
                                             <i>Piper linearifolium</i>
                                                   [Piper flavidum]
                                             <i>Piper lineativillosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper lineatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper lingshuiense</i>
                                             <i>Piper linguliforme</i>
                                             <i>Piper littorale</i>
                                                   [Piper maternale]
                                             <i>Piper lonchites</i>
                                             <i>Piper longestylosum</i>
                                                   [Piper bopianum]
                                             <i>Piper longicaudatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper longifolium</i>
                                                   [Piper riotintasense]
                                             <i>Piper longipedicellatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper longispicum</i>
                                               <i>Piper longispicum var. glabratum</i>
                                               <i>Piper longispicum var. villipetiolatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper longivaginans</i>
                                                   [Piper crassinodum]
                                             <i>Piper longum</i>
                                             <i>Piper lucigaudens</i>
                                               <i>Piper lucigaudens var. allenii</i>
                                                     [Piper alleni]
                                             <i>Piper lundellianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper lunulibracteatum</i>
                                               <i>Piper lunulibracteatum var. villirameum</i>
                                             <i>Piper luxii</i>
                                             <i>Piper macedoi</i>
                                                   [Piper macedoi f. longispicum]
                                             <i>Piper macerispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper machadoanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper macropiper</i>
                                                   [Piper arborescens var. hirtellum]
                                                   [Piper miniatum]
                                                   [Piper rodatzii]
                                             <i>Piper macrorhynchon</i>
                                             <i>Piper macrotrichum</i>
                                             <i>Piper maculosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper magnantherum</i>
                                             <i>Piper magnificum</i>
                                             <i>Piper majusculum</i>
                                                   [Piper amboinense]
                                                   [Piper kraense]
                                             <i>Piper malacophyllum</i>
                                             <i>Piper malamiris</i>
                                             <i>Piper malifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper malpasoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper malpasoensis</i>
                                             <i>Piper mananthum</i>
                                             <i>Piper manausense</i>
                                             <i>Piper mapirense</i>
                                             <i>Piper maranyonense</i>
                                             <i>Piper marequitense</i>
                                             <i>Piper marginatum</i>
                                                   [Piper anisatum]
                                                   [Piper marginatum var. catalpifolium]
                                                   [Piper marginatum var. clausum]
                                                   [Piper marginatum var. firmum]
                                                   [Piper quiriguanum]
                                                   [Piper san-joseanum var. kobense]
                                                   [Piper san-joseanum var. panamanum]
                                                   [Piper san-joseanum var. remediosense]
                                                   [Piper san-joseanum var. tabogense]
                                                   [Piper san-joseanum]
                                                   [Piper uncatum]
                                               <i>Piper marginatum var. anisatum</i>
                                               <i>Piper marginatum var. marginatum</i>
                                               <i>Piper marginatum var. niceforoi</i>
                                             <i>Piper marsupiiferum</i>
                                                   [Piper marsupiatum]
                                             <i>Piper martensianum</i>
                                                   [Piper andresense var. subcalvescens]
                                                   [Piper rematense]
                                                   [Piper santarosanum]
                                             <i>Piper martinense</i>
                                             <i>Piper massiei</i>
                                             <i>Piper matinanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper matudae</i>
                                             <i>Piper maxonii</i>
                                                   [Piper varium]
                                                   [Piper whiteae]
                                             <i>Piper mcvaughii</i>
                                             <i>Piper medinaense</i>
                                             <i>Piper mediocre</i>
                                             <i>Piper medium</i>
                                                   [Piper sieberi]
                                             <i>Piper melanocladum</i>
                                                   [Piper canaense]
                                             <i>Piper melanopremnum</i>
                                             <i>Piper melanostictum</i>
                                             <i>Piper melastomoides</i>
                                             <i>Piper merrillii</i>
                                             <i>Piper mestonii</i>
                                             <i>Piper metanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper methysticum</i>
                                             <i>Piper mexiae</i>
                                                   [Ottonia mexiae]
                                             <i>Piper mexicanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper michelianum</i>
                                                   [Piper mas]
                                             <i>Piper micoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper miguel-conejoanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper mikanianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper milleri</i>
                                             <i>Piper minute-scabiosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper miquelianum</i>
                                                   [Ottonia martiana]
                                             <i>Piper misantlense</i>
                                             <i>Piper mite</i>
                                             <i>Piper mocoanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper mollicomum</i>
                                             <i>Piper mollipilosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper monostigmum</i>
                                             <i>Piper monteverdense</i>
                                             <i>Piper monzonense</i>
                                             <i>Piper morisonianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper mornicola</i>
                                             <i>Piper mosenii</i>
                                             <i>Piper muelleri</i>
                                             <i>Piper mullesua</i>
                                             <i>Piper multiforme</i>
                                             <i>Piper multinervium</i>
                                             <i>Piper multiplinervium</i>
                                                   [Piper aristolochiifolium]
                                             <i>Piper munchanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper mundum</i>
                                             <i>Piper munyanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper muricatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper murrayanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper mutabile</i>
                                             <i>Piper myrmecophilum</i>
                                             <i>Piper nanayanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper nanegalense</i>
                                             <i>Piper napo-pastazanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper neesianum</i>
                                                   [Arctottonia sempervirens]
                                             <i>Piper neglectum</i>
                                             <i>Piper negritosense</i>
                                             <i>Piper nematanthera</i>
                                             <i>Piper neurostachyum</i>
                                                   [Piper squalidum]
                                             <i>Piper nicoyanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper nigrispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper nigropunctatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper nigrum</i>
                                                   [Piper trioicum]
                                             <i>Piper nitidum</i>
                                             <i>Piper nobile</i>
                                             <i>Piper nodosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper novo-granatense</i>
                                             <i>Piper novogalicianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper nubigenum</i>
                                               <i>Piper nubigenum var. venezuelense</i>
                                             <i>Piper nudibracteatum</i>
                                               <i>Piper nudibracteatum var. micropuberulum</i>
                                               <i>Piper nudibracteatum var. pubescens</i>
                                             <i>Piper nudifolium</i>
                                                   [Piper esquivelanum]
                                                   [Piper sesquimetrale]
                                                   [Piper terronesense]
                                             <i>Piper nudilimbum</i>
                                                   [Pleiostachyopiper nudilimbum]
                                             <i>Piper nudum</i>
                                             <i>Piper oaxacanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper obesispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper oblanceolatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper obliquum</i>
                                                   [Piper archeri]
                                                   [Piper caracasanum]
                                                   [Piper laterifissum]
                                                   [Piper mayanum]
                                                   [Piper nemorimarginis]
                                                   [Piper pansamalanum]
                                                   [Piper praeclarum]
                                                   [Piper puberulibracteum]
                                                   [Piper ruizianum]
                                                   [Piper tardans]
                                                   [Piper uaupesense]
                                             <i>Piper oblongum</i>
                                             <i>Piper obtusifolium</i>
                                                   [Piper tuberculatum var. obtusifolium]
                                             <i>Piper obtusilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper obtusum</i>
                                             <i>Piper obumbratifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper ocosingosense</i>
                                             <i>Piper odoratum</i>
                                             <i>Piper officinarum</i>
                                             <i>Piper onus</i>
                                             <i>Piper opacibracteum</i>
                                                   [Piper unauriculatum]
                                             <i>Piper oradendron</i>
                                             <i>Piper ornatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper oroense</i>
                                             <i>Piper ostii</i>
                                             <i>Piper otophorum</i>
                                             <i>Piper otto-huberi</i>
                                             <i>Piper ottoniifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper ovatibaccum</i>
                                             <i>Piper ovatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper oviedoi</i>
                                             <i>Piper pachoanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pallidifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper palmanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper palmasanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper palmeri</i>
                                                   [Piper palmeri var. manzanilloanum]
                                             <i>Piper papantlense</i>
                                             <i>Piper papillicarpum</i>
                                             <i>Piper papulatum</i>
                                                   [Piper luridispicum]
                                             <i>Piper paraisense</i>
                                             <i>Piper paramaribense</i>
                                             <i>Piper parcirameum</i>
                                             <i>Piper parthenium</i>
                                             <i>Piper patulum</i>
                                             <i>Piper patzulinum</i>
                                             <i>Piper paucistigmum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pavonii</i>
                                                   [Piper scapispicum]
                                             <i>Piper payanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pebasense</i>
                                             <i>Piper pellitum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pellucidum</i>
                                             <i>Piper penangense</i>
                                             <i>Piper pendulirameum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pendulispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pennellii</i>
                                             <i>Piper peracuminatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper perareolatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper peraromaticum</i>
                                             <i>Piper perbrevicaule</i>
                                             <i>Piper perciliatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper percostatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper perditum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pergamentifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper pergeniculatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper perhispidum</i>
                                             <i>Piper perlasense</i>
                                             <i>Piper perlongipedunculum</i>
                                             <i>Piper permucronatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper perpallidum</i>
                                             <i>Piper perstipulare</i>
                                             <i>Piper pertractatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper peruligerum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pervenosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pesaresanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper philippinum</i>
                                                   [Piper albidirameum]
                                                   [Piper pendulifolium]
                                             <i>Piper philodendroides</i>
                                             <i>Piper phytolaccifolium</i>
                                                   <i>Piper phytolaccifolium f. peltobryon</i>
                                                         [Piper peltobryon]
                                             <i>Piper picardae</i>
                                             <i>Piper picobonitoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper pileatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pilirameum</i>
                                               <i>Piper pilirameum var. subglabrum</i>
                                             <i>Piper piluliferifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper piluliferum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pinaresanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pinoganense</i>
                                                   [Piper salamancanum]
                                             <i>Piper piojoanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper piresii</i>
                                             <i>Piper piscatorum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pittieri</i>
                                                   [Piper trimetrale]
                                             <i>Piper planadosense</i>
                                             <i>Piper playa-blancanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper plumbeicolor</i>
                                             <i>Piper poasanum</i>
                                                   [Piper crispatimargine]
                                             <i>Piper pogonioneuron</i>
                                             <i>Piper politii</i>
                                               <i>Piper politii subsp. sipapoense</i>
                                               <i>Piper politii subsp. toronoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper politum</i>
                                             <i>Piper polytrichum</i>
                                             <i>Piper ponapense</i>
                                             <i>Piper ponendum</i>
                                             <i>Piper ponganum</i>
                                             <i>Piper popayanense</i>
                                             <i>Piper populifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper positum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pothomorphe</i>
                                             <i>Piper pothophyllum</i>
                                             <i>Piper praeacutilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper prismaticum</i>
                                                   [Piper prismaticum var. tilaranum]
                                             <i>Piper prunifolium</i>
                                                   [Piper artanthe var. strigosum]
                                                   [Piper fendlerianum]
                                                   [Piper jacquinii]
                                             <i>Piper pseudo-fuligineum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pseudo-lanceifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper pseudoarboreum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pseudoasperifolium</i>
                                                   [Piper indignum]
                                                   [Piper sibunense]
                                             <i>Piper pseudobumbratum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pseudocativalense</i>
                                             <i>Piper pseudodilatatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pseudofallens</i>
                                             <i>Piper pseudofimbriulatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pseudofuligineum</i>
                                                   [Piper amphibium]
                                                   [Piper atlantidanum var. yoroense]
                                                   [Piper atlantidanum]
                                                   [Piper bigelovii]
                                                   [Piper clavulispicum]
                                                   [Piper domingense]
                                                   [Piper nigricaule]
                                                   [Piper pallidibracteum]
                                                   [Piper salutatrix]
                                                   [Piper squali-pelliculum]
                                                   [Piper tabernillanum var. anconense]
                                                   [Piper taboganum]
                                             <i>Piper pseudogaragaranum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pseudoglabrescens</i>
                                             <i>Piper pseudoglabrifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper pseudolindenii</i>
                                                   [Piper clivicola]
                                                   [Piper firmifolium]
                                                   [Piper humorigaudens]
                                                   [Piper koepperi]
                                                   [Piper laceratibracteum]
                                                   [Piper oblique-ovatum]
                                                   [Piper stillans]
                                                   [Piper udimontanum]
                                             <i>Piper pseudonobile</i>
                                             <i>Piper pseudopopayanense</i>
                                             <i>Piper pseudovariabile</i>
                                                   [Piper pseudovariabile var. pachypus]
                                             <i>Piper psilophyllum</i>
                                                   [Piper psilophyllum f. longepedunculatum]
                                             <i>Piper psilorhachis</i>
                                             <i>Piper pterocladum</i>
                                             <i>Piper puberulescens</i>
                                             <i>Piper pubinervulum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pubiovarium</i>
                                             <i>Piper pubistipulum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pulleanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pullibaccum</i>
                                             <i>Piper punctatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper punctulatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper puniceum</i>
                                             <i>Piper puraceanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper purpusianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper pustulicaule</i>
                                             <i>Piper quadratilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper quadrifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper quinqueangulatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper raizudoanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper ramosii</i>
                                             <i>Piper recessum</i>
                                             <i>Piper rechingeri</i>
                                             <i>Piper recuperatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper reductipes</i>
                                             <i>Piper regnellii</i>
                                               <i>Piper regnellii var. pallescens</i>
                                               <i>Piper regnellii var. regnellii</i>
                                             <i>Piper reitzii</i>
                                             <i>Piper reptabundum</i>
                                             <i>Piper restio</i>
                                             <i>Piper retalhuleuense</i>
                                             <i>Piper reticulatum</i>
                                                   [Piper duchassaingii]
                                             <i>Piper retrofractum</i>
                                             <i>Piper rhinostachyum</i>
                                             <i>Piper ribesioides</i>
                                             <i>Piper richardiifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper riitosense</i>
                                             <i>Piper rioense</i>
                                             <i>Piper riojanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper rionechianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper riozulianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper riparense</i>
                                                   [Piper partiticuspe]
                                             <i>Piper ripicola</i>
                                             <i>Piper rivinoides</i>
                                             <i>Piper robleanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper roqueanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper rosei</i>
                                                   [Piper diguetianum]
                                             <i>Piper rostratum</i>
                                             <i>Piper rothschuhii</i>
                                             <i>Piper rotundibaccum</i>
                                             <i>Piper rotundifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper rovirosae</i>
                                             <i>Piper rubripes</i>
                                             <i>Piper rubrospadix</i>
                                             <i>Piper rufescentibaccum</i>
                                             <i>Piper rugosibaccum</i>
                                             <i>Piper rugosum</i>
                                                   [Piper sulcinerve]
                                             <i>Piper rupununianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper rusbyi</i>
                                                   [Piper melendezense]
                                             <i>Piper sagittifer</i>
                                             <i>Piper sagittifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper salentoi</i>
                                             <i>Piper salicariaefolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper salicariifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper salinasanum</i>
                                               <i>Piper salinasanum var. parvifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper saloyanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper salticola</i>
                                             <i>Piper samanense</i>
                                             <i>Piper san-vicentense</i>
                                             <i>Piper sancti-felicis</i>
                                             <i>Piper sanctum</i>
                                                   [Piper heterophlebium]
                                             <i>Piper santa-rosanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper santae-clarae</i>
                                             <i>Piper santaritanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper sapotoanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper sarawakanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper sarmentosum</i>
                                                   [Piper albispicum]
                                                   [Piper lolot]
                                                   [Piper pierrei]
                                             <i>Piper scabridulicaule</i>
                                             <i>Piper scalarispicum</i>
                                                   [Piper brujoense]
                                                   [Piper nubigaudens]
                                                   [Piper segoviarum]
                                             <i>Piper scalpens</i>
                                             <i>Piper scansum</i>
                                             <i>Piper schiedeanum</i>
                                                   [Piper cyclophyllum]
                                                   [Piper exigens]
                                                   [Piper levilimbum]
                                                   [Piper middlesexense]
                                                   [Piper tenuifolium]
                                                   [Piper zacuapanum]
                                             <i>Piper schippianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper schlechtendahlianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper schlechtendalianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper schlechtendalii</i>
                                             <i>Piper schlimii</i>
                                             <i>Piper schmidtii</i>
                                             <i>Piper schunkeanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper schuppii</i>
                                             <i>Piper schwackei</i>
                                             <i>Piper scleromyelum</i>
                                             <i>Piper scobinifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper scutifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper scutilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper secundum</i>
                                                   [Piper dendropse]
                                                   [Piper ledebourii]
                                             <i>Piper sellertianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper sempervirens</i>
                                             <i>Piper septuplinervium</i>
                                             <i>Piper serpens</i>
                                             <i>Piper setebarraense</i>
                                             <i>Piper setosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper silvanorum</i>
                                             <i>Piper silvicola</i>
                                             <i>Piper silvigaudens</i>
                                             <i>Piper silvivagum</i>
                                                   [Piper conscendens]
                                             <i>Piper simulans</i>
                                             <i>Piper simulhabitans</i>
                                             <i>Piper sinense</i>
                                             <i>Piper sinuatispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper sinuclausum</i>
                                             <i>Piper sinugaudens</i>
                                             <i>Piper sipenanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper smilacifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper sociorum</i>
                                             <i>Piper sodiroi</i>
                                             <i>Piper soledadense</i>
                                             <i>Piper solmsianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper sonsonatense</i>
                                             <i>Piper sororium</i>
                                             <i>Piper sorsogonum</i>
                                             <i>Piper sperdinum</i>
                                             <i>Piper sphaerocarpum</i>
                                                   [Ottonia sphaerocarpa]
                                                   [Piper banaoanum]
                                                   [Piper sphaerocarpum var. tenuifolium]
                                             <i>Piper sphaeroides</i>
                                             <i>Piper sprengelianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper spruceanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper squalipelliculum</i>
                                             <i>Piper squamulosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper standleyi</i>
                                             <i>Piper stellipilum</i>
                                             <i>Piper stenocladum</i>
                                             <i>Piper sternii</i>
                                             <i>Piper stileferum</i>
                                             <i>Piper stiliferum</i>
                                             <i>Piper stipulaceum</i>
                                                   [Piper aguilanum]
                                                   [Piper albicaule]
                                             <i>Piper stipulare</i>
                                             <i>Piper stomachicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper striatipetiolum</i>
                                             <i>Piper striatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper stylosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subampollosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subasperatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subaspericaule</i>
                                             <i>Piper subbrunneispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subbullatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subcaniramum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subcinereum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subcrenulatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subeburneum</i>
                                             <i>Piper suberythrocarpum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subfalcatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subflavispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subflavum</i>
                                               <i>Piper subflavum var. longipedunculatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subfuscum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subglabrifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper sublineatum</i>
                                                   [Piper biolleyi]
                                             <i>Piper subnudispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subpeltatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subquinquenerve</i>
                                             <i>Piper subrepens</i>
                                             <i>Piper subscutatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subsessilifolium</i>
                                                   [Piper concepcionis]
                                             <i>Piper subsilvestre</i>
                                             <i>Piper subsilvulanum</i>
                                                   [Piper svidifolium]
                                             <i>Piper substilosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper subvariabile</i>
                                             <i>Piper subzhorquinense</i>
                                             <i>Piper surubresanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper swartzianum</i>
                                                   [Piper torbecanum]
                                             <i>Piper sylvaticum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tacananum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tacticanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper taiwanense</i>
                                             <i>Piper tapantiense</i>
                                             <i>Piper tapianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tectoniifolium</i>
                                                   [Piper estrellense]
                                             <i>Piper tecutlanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper telanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tenellum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tentatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tenue</i>
                                             <i>Piper tenuiamentum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tenuiculispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tenuilimbum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tenuimucronatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tenuipes</i>
                                             <i>Piper tenuispicum</i>
                                                   [Piper subdurum]
                                             <i>Piper tenuistylum</i>
                                             <i>Piper terminale</i>
                                             <i>Piper terrabanum</i>
                                                   [Piper celatipetiolum var. brenesii]
                                                   [Piper celatipetiolum]
                                             <i>Piper terryae</i>
                                             <i>Piper tessmanni</i>
                                             <i>Piper tessmannii</i>
                                             <i>Piper thomsonii</i>
                                                   [Piper bavinum]
                                             <i>Piper tiliifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper timothianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tomas-albertoi</i>
                                             <i>Piper tonduzii</i>
                                                   [Piper nanum]
                                                   [Piper ripense]
                                             <i>Piper toppingii</i>
                                             <i>Piper tortivenulosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tortuosivenosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper trachydermum</i>
                                                   [Piper hispidum var. trachydermum]
                                             <i>Piper translucens</i>
                                             <i>Piper treleaseanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper trianae</i>
                                                   [Trianaeopiper mexiae]
                                             <i>Piper triangulare</i>
                                             <i>Piper trichogynum</i>
                                             <i>Piper trichorhachis</i>
                                             <i>Piper tricuspe</i>
                                             <i>Piper trigoniastrifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper trigonodrupum</i>
                                             <i>Piper trigonum</i>
                                                   [Piper acutissimum]
                                                   [Piper arieianum]
                                                   [Piper saltuum]
                                             <i>Piper trinerve</i>
                                             <i>Piper triquetrofructum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tristemon</i>
                                             <i>Piper truncatum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tsakianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tuberculatum</i>
                                                   [Piper tuberculatum var. cangrejalense]
                                               <i>Piper tuberculatum var. minus</i>
                                             <i>Piper tucumanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tuerckheimii</i>
                                             <i>Piper tuisanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper tumidum</i>
                                             <i>Piper turrialvanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper ubiqueasperum</i>
                                             <i>Piper udicola</i>
                                             <i>Piper udisilvestre</i>
                                             <i>Piper uhdei</i>
                                             <i>Piper ulceratum</i>
                                             <i>Piper uleanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper umbricola</i>
                                                   [Piper inconsumptum]
                                             <i>Piper umbriense</i>
                                             <i>Piper unguiculatum</i>
                                                   [Piper unguiculatum var. longifolium]
                                             <i>Piper urophyllum</i>
                                             <i>Piper urostachyum</i>
                                             <i>Piper uspantanense</i>
                                             <i>Piper usumacintense</i>
                                             <i>Piper uvitanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper vaginans</i>
                                             <i>Piper valetudinarii</i>
                                             <i>Piper vallicola</i>
                                             <i>Piper vanderveldeanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper varablancanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper variabile</i>
                                                   [Piper exigens var. subovatum]
                                                   [Piper purulhanum]
                                                   [Piper variabile var. obtentum]
                                             <i>Piper varibracteum</i>
                                             <i>Piper variegatum</i>
                                                   [Piper cumanense]
                                             <i>Piper variifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper variitrichum</i>
                                             <i>Piper vellosoi</i>
                                             <i>Piper velutinibaccum</i>
                                             <i>Piper veneralense</i>
                                             <i>Piper veraguense</i>
                                             <i>Piper verbascifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper verbenanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper veredianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper vergelense</i>
                                             <i>Piper verrucosum</i>
                                             <i>Piper verruculosum</i>
                                                   [Piper nudicaule]
                                             <i>Piper vestitifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper via-chicoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper vicosanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper villiramulum</i>
                                                   [Piper bocasense]
                                                   [Piper gamboanum var. yapense]
                                                   [Piper hispidum var. gamboanum]
                                                   [Piper laedans]
                                                   [Piper mystaciferum]
                                                   [Piper talamancanum]
                                             <i>Piper villosispicum</i>
                                             <i>Piper viminale</i>
                                             <i>Piper viminifolium</i>
                                             <i>Piper virgenense</i>
                                             <i>Piper virgultorum</i>
                                             <i>Piper viridicaule</i>
                                             <i>Piper virillanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper vitabile</i>
                                             <i>Piper vitabundum</i>
                                             <i>Piper vitaceum</i>
                                               <i>Piper vitaceum var. airaoense</i>
                                             <i>Piper wagneri</i>
                                                   [Piper minutispicum]
                                             <i>Piper wallichii</i>
                                                   [Piper aurantiacum]
                                             <i>Piper wrightii</i>
                                             <i>Piper wydlerianum</i>
                                             <i>Piper xalapense</i>
                                             <i>Piper xanthostachyum</i>
                                                   [Piper cricamolense]
                                                   [Piper monteluctans]
                                             <i>Piper xiroresanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper xylosteoides</i>
                                             <i>Piper yaracuyense</i>
                                             <i>Piper yaxhanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper yucatanense</i>
                                                   [Arctottonia tuxpenyana]
                                                   [Piper chichankanabanum]
                                                   [Piper thiemeanum]
                                             <i>Piper yzabalanum</i>
                                               <i>Piper yzabalanum var. pubinerve</i>
                                             <i>Piper zacapanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper zacatense</i>
                                                   [Piper zacatense var. percaudatum]
                                             <i>Piper zarceroense</i>
                                             <i>Piper zarumanum</i>
                                             <i>Piper zeylanicum</i>
                                                   [Piper thwaitesii]
                                             <i>Piper zhorquinense</i>
                              Piperoideae
                                             <i>Enckea amalago</i>
                                     <i>Pleiostachyopiper</i>
                                     <i>Pothomorphe</i>
                                             <i>Pothomorphe lessertiana</i>
                                             <i>Pothomorphe peltata</i>
                                     <i>Rhynchophorum</i>
                                             <i>Rhynchophorum floridanum</i>
                                             <i>Rhynchophorum obtusifolium</i>
                                             <i>Rhynchophorum spathulifolium</i>
                                     <i>Sarcorhachis</i>
                                             <i>Sarcorhachis incurva</i>
                                             <i>Sarcorhachis naranjoana</i>
                                                   [Manekia naranjoana]
                                     <i>Trianaeopiper</i>
                                             <i>Trianaeopiper killipi</i>
                                     <i>Verhuellia</i>
                                             <i>Verhuellia hydrocotylifolia</i>
                                                   [Mildea hydrocotylifolia]
                                             <i>Verhuellia lunaria</i>
                                             <i>Verhuellia reniformis</i>
                                                   [Mildea elegans]
                              Zippelioideae
                                     <i>Zippelia</i>
                                             <i>Zippelia begoniifolia</i>

Problematic Rooting (384472)
                                               <i>Ottonia mexiae var. fertilior</i>